The first settlement to be founded on the Lower
Río Grande was that of Nuestra Señora de Santa Ana de Camargo. It was founded on March 5, 1749, with the dedication to Señora Santa Ana by captain Don
Blas María de la Garza Falcón at the eastern edge of the
San Juan River near its confluence with the Río Grande. The foundation had 85 families – a total of 531 persons. Most of the settlers for this township came from
Cerralvo,
Cadereyta,
Monterrey and surrounding townships. After establishing other towns in the interior of Mexico between
Querétaro and the Gulf coast,
José de Escandón arrived at Camargo on March 3, 1749. At the location called, "Paso del Azucar" on the
Rio Grande, about two
leagues southeast of the present site of Camargo, he met Captain
Blas Maria de la Garza Falcón who already had been encamped there with forty other families and some soldiers. In the group led by Captain Blas Maria de la Garza Falcon were Miguel de la Garza Falcon, his brother, and Nicolas de los Santos Coy, father-in-law of Captain Falcon and ex-
alcalde of nearby
Cerralvo Municipality in
Nuevo León. These settlers were men of wealth who felt a need to risk all for greater gain. The town had already been laid out on the eastern bank of the
San Juan River, not far from the
Rio Grande, and temporary shelters made, jacales (straw huts). Father Fray Hierro, who had joined Escandon at Padilla and was a missionary from the college of Zacatecas, kept a diary which provides many interesting details concerning the establishment of the first settlements of the Lower
Rio Grande Valley. Fourteen settlements were established in a six months period. The settlers of this town were, as is evident from the captain's registry, generally Spaniards; they came in with some major and minor livestock: goats, sheep and mules. A great
flood in the year 1751 did some damage to the settlement, for which reason it was moved a little farther down the river to a higher site. An
irrigation canal which had been built at the original location, because of their not having trimmed the opening to the canal with stone and mortar, was destroyed by the
flood. Following
Texan independence and the commencement of the
MexicanAmerican War, Camargo was occupied by the
US army under the command of
General Zachary Taylor on 14 July 1846. This river port served as a jumping off point for the invasion on Monterrey and
Saltillo. The US Army was transported via steamboats from the mouth of the river area and Matamoros. Disease plagued the troops and it is said that thousand of US soldiers were buried here in unmarked graves. On January 22, 2021,
nineteen burned bodies were found in Camargo Municipality, likely victims of drug violence. As of February 3, two of the deceased were identified as Mexicans and two as Guatemalans, and twelve police officers were arrested. Sixteen of the bodies were identified as Guatemalan migrants and were returned to their country of origin in February
2021. ==Geography==