After earning her PhD, Weber joined the faculty at the
University of Pennsylvania as an assistant professor of Romance languages. While at the University of Pennsylvania, she authored
Terror and its Discontents: Suspect Words and the French Revolution and co-edited
Fragments of Revolution with
Howard G. Lay. After seven years at the University of Pennsylvania, Weber joined the faculty at
Columbia University as a professor of French and comparative literature. While there, her book
Queen of Fashion: What Marie-Antoinette Wore to the French Revolution was published in 2007 and described Marie Antoinette's life starting from her arrival from Austria into France. The biographical novel focused on Marie Antoinette's control over her image through her autonomy of fashion. While conducting research for her book ''Proust's Duchess: How Three Celebrated Women Captured the Imagination of Fin-de-Siècle Paris'', Weber discovered one unknown and one lost essay by
Marcel Proust about Parisian high society. As she was sifting through
Élisabeth Greffulhe's personal archive, Weber discovered an unfinished and unpublished essay by Proust from 1902 to 1903 titled "The Salon of the Comtesse Greffulhe." Greffulhe's husband had ordered her to not publish the essay for its vulgar contents, which she agreed to in fear of being beaten. Upon publishing the book, Weber was named a finalist for the 2019
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography and received the 2019
French Heritage Society Literary Award. ==Personal life==