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Cephalothorax

The cephalothorax, also called prosoma in some groups, is a tagma of various arthropods, comprising the head and the thorax fused together, as distinct from the abdomen behind. The word cephalothorax is derived from the Greek words for head and thorax. This fusion of the head and thorax is seen in chelicerates and crustaceans; in other groups, such as the Hexapoda, the head remains free of the thorax. An exception is females in Stylopidia, a clade in the order Strepsiptera, a group of highly specialised parasitic insects. In horseshoe crabs and many crustaceans, a hard shell called the carapace covers the cephalothorax.

Arachnid anatomy
Fovea The fovea is the centre of the cephalothorax and is located behind the head (only in spiders). It is often important in identification. It can be transverse or procurved and can, in some tarantulas (e.g. Ceratogyrus darlingi) have a "horn". Clypeus The clypeus is the space between the anterior of the cephalothorax and the ocularium. It is found in most arachnids. In harvestmen, it may have the ornament of spines. Trident The trident is a small group of (usually three) spines found in harvestmen exclusively. It is located in front of the ocularium. It varies in size amongst species; in some it is completely absent, and in others it is enlarged considerably. ==References==
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