Chennai Suburban Railway

, one of the prime destinations of the Chennai Suburban Railway system Chennai has a fairly extensive suburban electric multiple unit (EMU) service. It was in the 1920s that the then British government felt the necessity of connecting the northern part of the city, which was mainly commercial, with the chiefly residential southwestern parts. In 1928, work began on constructing two meter gauge (MG) lines connecting the harbour with the southern suburb of Tambaram to run services using steam locomotives. By March 1931, the construction works were completed, The Madras Electricity Supply Corporation, which powered the railway lines, was aided by sub-stations in Egmore and Meenambakkam. Soon, the number of trains shuttling passengers was increased to 45 a day, running every 10 minutes at peak hours, and every 30 minutes, otherwise. The running time between Madras Beach and Tambaram stations, which was 2 hours until then, was reduced to 49 minutes. The train service was made available from 4:00 in the morning up to 12:00 at night. The system had the meter-gauge (MG) EMUs (YAU series) until the gauge conversion. Since then, the system has only the broad-gauge (BG) EMUs running. In the 1960s, the line from Madras Beach to Villupuram was converted to 25 kV AC traction. The rolling stock was changed to EMUs with motors and electricals from Toshiba or Hitachi. These were built by the Integral Coach Factory based in the city. Services too were extended to Chengleput with two daily services. In the late 1967, a Toshiba/Hitachi/Mitsubishi combine model YAM-1 21904 locomotive was introduced, which became the first MG 25 kV AC locomotive. Work on additional MG track between Tambaram and Chengleput began in 1969 and was completed in January 1971. ==Lines==

Fundamentally, Chennai has four suburban railway lines, namely, North line, West line, South line and the MRTS line. The South West line, West North line and West South line are merely minor extensions or modifications of the aforementioned suburban lines. The MRTS is a suburban railway line that chiefly runs on an elevated track exclusively used for running local EMUs or suburban local trains. No express trains or passenger trains run on MRTS line. North Line This line runs from the city towards the north, hence the name. Chennai city region stations: Chennai Beach – Royapuram – Washermanpet – Chennai Central MMC – Basin Bridge – Korukkupet – Tondiarpet – V.O.C.Nagar – Tiruvottiyur – Wimco Nagar – Kathivakkam – Ennore – Athipattu Pudhunagar – Athipattu – Nandiambakkam Tiruvallur District stations: Minjur – Anupambattu – Ponneri – Kavaraipettai – Gummidipoondi – Elavur – Arambakkam Outside state regions (Andhra Pradesh): Tada – Akkampeta – Sullurupeta - Polireddipalem - Doravarichatram - Nayudupeta - Pedapariya - Odur Outside state regions (Andhra Pradesh - SCoR): Gudur - Nellore - Bitragunta A few train services originate from Chennai Beach instead of Chennai Central. Trains originating from Chennai Beach pass through Royapuram and Washermanpet to reach Korukkupet. From Korukkupet the route is same as listed above. • The total length of North Line Suburban Services is (Chennai Central to Sulurpetta) • Suburban EMU services terminate at Sullurpeta (AP). • MEMU service is up to Nellore. • Currently 83 train services run on the North Suburban line, whose split up is as follows • 37 services begin from Chennai Central towards Northern suburbs, while another 37 services originate from the Northern suburbs proceeding to Chennai Central. • Only 5 train services are run from Chennai Beach towards Northern suburbs, and there are 7 services in the return direction towards Chennai Beach. • This is the only route in India where a suburban train is operated outside the state. South Line (along GST Road from St. Thomas Mount to Chengalpattu) Chennai city region stations: Chennai Beach – Chennai Fort – Chennai Park – Chennai Egmore – Chetpet – Nungambakkam – Kodambakkam – Mambalam – Saidapet – Guindy – St. Thomas Mount – Pazhavanthangal – Meenambakkam – Tirisulam – Pallavaram – Chromepet – Tambaram Sanatorium – Tambaram – Perungalathur – Vandalur - Kilambakkam Stations outside Chennai city regions below: Urapakkam – Guduvancheri – Potheri – Kattankulathur – Maraimalai Nagar – Singaperumal Koil – Paranur – Chengalpattu Stations in the South line after Chengalpattu below: Tirumani - Ottivakkam - Padalam - Karunguzhi - Madurantakam - Pakkam - Melmaruvathur - Acharapakkam - Tozhuppedu - Karasangal - Olakur - Panchalam - Tindivanam - Mailam, Perani - Vikravandi - Mundiyampakkam - Villupuram -Valavanur railway station - Chinna Babu Samudram - Villianur and terminates at Puducherry Stations in the South West line after Chengalpattu below: Reddipalayam – Villiambakkam – Palur – Palayaseevaram – Walajabad – Nathapettai – Kanchipuram – Tirumalpur – Takkolam - Arakkonam • Suburban trains are operated till Arakkonam via Chengalpattu in South West Line. • Suburban electric trains on Southern line route are terminated at Chengalpet station. • MEMU services proceed in the southern direction from Chengalpet on the line towards Villupuram and Puducherry. The Chennai Beach to Melmaruvathur MEMU halts at Ottivakkam, Padalam, Karunkuzhi, Maduranthakam to reach Melmaruvathur, which is from Chennai Beach. • Puducherry MEMU service runs from Chennai Egmore and halts at Mambalam, Guindy, Tambaram, Guduvancheri, Singaperumal Koil, Chengalpattu Junction, Madurantakam, Melmaruvathur, Tindivanam, Mailman, Vikravandi, Mundiyampakkam, Villupuram Junction, Valavanur, Chinna Babu Samudram, Villianur and terminates at Puducherry. • Circular train running between Chennai Beach to Chennai Beach – via Tambaram, Chengalpattu, Tirumalpur, Arakkonam, Tiruvallur and Perambur • Currently 240 services are being run on the South Suburban line. :Important stations on the South Line: • Chennai Beach – Terminal Station for all South and MRTS line trains and a few north and west line trains. Close to Chennai Port and Harbour, easily accessible to Marina Beach, Anna Memorial Square. • Chennai Fort – established near Fort St. George, the chief Secretariat of the state, Close to the commercial hub of Parry's Corner or Broadway. • Chennai Park – Lies opposite Chennai Central which is a terminus for long distance and suburban trains. Also close to Park Town MRTS station. • Chennai Egmore – A major terminal of Southern Railways, serving as terminal for south bound and south east bound railroute of Tamil Nadu. • Mambalam – Lies in the commercial and textile hub of T. Nagar. Halt station for several long-distance express trains. • bound EMU in its original livery to start from TambaramGuindy – an interchange with Mount Road metro Line (blue line). Close to Guindy Industrial Estate, Guindy National Park, and bus terminus. • St Thomas Mount – an interchange for 100 feet Road Metro Line (blue and red lines) and MRTS line, Easily accessible to Pallavaram Military Cantonment, Military Canteen and Hospital. • Tirusulam – Lies opposite to Chennai International Airport • Chromepet – Lies nearby to Chromepet Bus Stand, Madras Institute of Technology and nearby to Saravana Stores • Tambaram – A terminus for several local suburban trains and a halt for long-distance express trains. Tambaram is also the Southern Gateway of Chennai. Tambaram Railway Station is a 3rd terminal of Chennai city. Several South bound Expresses originate here. • Perungulathur station which is located on the main intersection junction on GST road which is the major gateway entry to Chennai city and also located proximity to Perungulathur Bus stop and IT Hub nearby. It is also one of the top revenue generating station in entire Southern Railway network. • Paranur Station which is near to Mahindra world city, home for more than 100 multinational companies including Infosys, Renault Nissan, Wipro and much more. This is the busiest station in Tambaram to Chengalpattu line. • Chengalpet Junction – A junction with three lines and a halt station for long-distance express trains. From here Suburban EMU Trains towards Kancheepuram and Arakkonam diverges and proceeds their way. West Line Chennai Beach – Royapuram - Washermanpet – Chennai Central MMC – Basin Bridge railway station – Vyasarpadi Jeeva – Perambur – Perambur Carriage Works – Perambur Loco Works – Villivakkam – Korattur – Pattaravakkam – Ambattur – Thirumullaivoyal – Annanur – Avadi – Hindu College – Pattabiram – Pattabiram Military Siding – Pattabiram East Depot – Nemilichery – Thiruninravur – Veppampattu – Sevvapet Road – Putlur – Tiruvallur – Egattur – Kadambattur – Senjipanambakkam – Manavur – Thiruvalangadu – Mosur – Puliyamangalam – Arakkonam - Ichiputtur – Tiruttani - Ponpadi - Venkatanarasimharajuvaripeta - Nagari - Ekambarakuppam - Vepagunta - Puttur - Taduku - Sri Venkata Perumal Raju Puram - Pudi - Renigunda - Tiruchanur terminates at Tirupati Jolarpettai - Kettandapatti - Vaniyambadi - Vinnamangalam - Ambur - Pachchakuppam - Melpadi - Valathoor - Mel-Alattur - Gudiyattam - Kavanoor - Virinchipuram - Latteri - Katpadi - Seevur - Thiruvalam railway station - Mukundarayapuram - Walajah Road - Marudhalam - Thalangai railway station - Sholinghur - Mahendravady - Anavardhikhanpettai - Chitteri - Melpakam terminates at Arakkonam Viluppuram - Venkatesapuram - Teli - Mambalapattu - Ayandur - Mugaiyur - Tirukoilur - Adhichchanur - Andampallam - Tandarai - Velanandal - Tiruvannamalai - Turijapuram - Agaram Sibbandi - Polur Arani Road - Sedarampattu - Kannamangalam - Vellore Cantonment - Vellore Town - Katpadi - Seevur - Thiruvalam - Mukundarayapuram - Walajah Road - Marudhalam - Thalangai - Sholinghur - Mahendravady - Anavardhikhanpettai - Chitteri - Melpakam terminates at Arakkonam • Suburban EMU train services terminate at Tiruttani. • However, MEMU services run up to Tirupati, Vellore Cantonment, Tiruvannamalai, and Jolarpettai. • Arakkonam Junction is the important terminus for other trains coming to Chennai. • Few trains operate from Chennai Beach. These trains from Chennai Beach cover a distance of via Royapuram and Washermanpet stations to reach Vysarpadi, beyond which the alignment is the same as the trains from Chennai Central. Most beach-bound trains operate from Arakkonam via Chengalpattu, Tambaram line, which is the southern line. • There is a separate loop line divided from the Hindu College railway station just after crossing Avadi railway station in the western line. It is called Pattabiram East Depot Railway Station. Suburban trains are available from this station to Chennai Central with a service frequency of one and a half hours. MRTS line The MRTS line is an exclusive line of the Chennai suburban railway as it runs elevated for most of its section and it was the first elevated non-metro railway line constructed in Indian Railways and it is the longest elevated railway section in Indian Railways at present. Moreover, the route is unique as it is exclusively used to run suburban EMU trains. No Freight, express trains, MEMU trains or passenger trains ply on the MRTS route. The MRTS currently runs from Chennai Beach to St Thomas Mount where it will intersect with the South line and Metro line (Phase 1 Green line and Phase 2 Red line) will house South line suburban trains at grade level, MRTS trains at level 1 and Metro trains at level 2. Between Chennai Beach and Park Town, the MRTS alignment runs parallel to the South Suburban line. Beyond this, the MRTS climbs up on a gradient to reach the Chindadripet station which is elevated. The alignment remains elevated till Perungudi beyond which it slopes down to reach the Velachery station which is at grade level and will be elevated back from Velachery to St. Thomas Mount again. Beyond Thirumayilai MRTS station, the entire section is constructed as a Ballastless track till St. Thomas Mount, with exemptions at Velachery due to track crossover. Stations in Chennai MRTS include Chennai Beach, Chennai Fort, Park Town, Chintadripet, Chepauk, Triplicane, Light House, Mundakanniamman Koil, Thirumayilai, Mandaveli, Greenways Road, Kotturpuram, Kasturbai Nagar, Indira Nagar, Tiruvanmiyur, Taramani, Perungudi, Velachery, Puzhuthivakkam , Adambakkam, and St. Thomas Mount. Circular line At , the Chennai Suburban Railway has the longest circular rail route in India. The circular rail line was proposed in the CMDA SMP. Stations on this route include Chennai Beach, Egmore, Tambaram, Chengalpattu Junction, Kanchipuram, Arakkonam Junction, Kadambathur, Tiruvallur, Avadi, Vyasarpadi Jeeva, Washermanpet, Royapuram, and Chennai Beach. After finishing the complete the last leg of electrification project Takkolam – Arakkonam stretch, Chennai Beach – Chennai Egmore — Tambaram — Chengalpattu – Kanchipuram – Arakkonam – Tiruvallur – Avadi – Vysarpadi Jeeva — Washermanpet — Royapuram – Chennai Beach became India's longest circular route. The newly laid electrified line was inspected by the Commissioner of Railway Safety (CRS) on January 25, 2019, The first train on the circular route ran on 23 April 2019. Initially, two trains are being operated: • MSB-MSB via MSB-AVD-TRL-AJJ- KPM-CGL-TBM-MSB • MSB-MSB via MSB-TBM-CGL-KPM-AJJ-TRL-AVD-MSB Defunct lines ;Villivakkam – Anna Nagar West Railway line This line is one of the two branch lines of the western line (the other one is Pattabiram east depot line, which is still operational) and gets divided from Villivakkam. This is one of the two lines that ends within the Chennai city limits (the other one is the MRTS corridor, which is still operational). Total length of this line from Villivakkam junction to Anna Nagar West railway station is 5 km. This line consist of two stations, namely, • Padi railway station • Anna Nagar West railway station This railway line is owned by the ICF for testing its coaches and trail runs. Later it is converted to passenger traffic. This line started its service at 2003 from Chennai Beach to Anna Nagar West via Royapuram, Villivakkam, and Padi. But the train service have been with drawn at 2007 due to many reasons and never restored till date. Some of the reasons are: • The construction of the Padi flyover • Heavy rail traffic as it has a single railway line only • Poor patronage Now this line is used by the ICF for trail runs and also used as a parking lots for empty rakes of express trains. ==Current services==

By 2006, the suburban system carried about 500,000 commuters daily, which rose to about 700,000 by 2009. As of 2006, 24 rakes, each with 9 cars, are operated every day between Tambaram and Chennai Beach, with a plan to increase the fleet to 30 rakes. As of 2017, a total of 1,180,000 passengers use the suburban services every day, including 400,000 in the western route, 560,000 in the southern route, 120,000 in the northern route, and 100,000 in the MRTS route. West line Chennai Central via Vysarpadi Junction and Avadi (destined to any of Pattabiram, Tiruvallur, Kadambattur, Arakkonam, Tirutani and Tirupathi): 90 services of which there are only three fast suburban locals on this route. • From any of these source terminal stations to Chennai Central UP: 91 services. Of this only four are fast trains. • Chennai Beach via WST-Vysarpadi DOWN:24 services of which only one is a fast local. • In return to Chennai Beach UP: 25 services of which two are fast. • Total for WEST Line = 229 services (towards suburbs = 151; towards MAS/MSB = 116) South Line • Chennai Beach via Egmore (to destined to any of Tambaram, Chengalpattu, Tirumalpur, Kanchipuram, Arakkonam): 121 services (weekdays). Of this only four are fast trains. • South Line terminals to Chennai Beach UP:119 services (weekdays). Of this only eight are fast trains • Total for South line = 240 services weekday (121 towards suburbs, 119 towards beach) North Line • Chennai Central via Korukkupet (to destined to any of Ennore, Gummidipundi, Sullurupeta): 37 services • Return direction to MAS UP: 37 services • No differentiation w.r.t Sundays. • No fast trains • Chennai Beach via Royapuram, Washermanpet, Korukupet Junction and beyond DOWN: four train services only. • Return direction to MSB UP: five train services only. • Total for North line = 83 services (41 towards suburbs, 42 towards MAS/MSB) MRTS Line As of 2026 A total of 96 electric train services will operate on this corridor: • Chennai Beach to St Thomas Mount DOWN: 43 services • STM to MSB UP: 43 services • MSB - VLCY (UP & DOWN) : 4 pairs • VLCY - STM (UP & DOWN) : 6 pairs • Total for MRTS line = 86 services weekday (43 in each direction) • There are slow trains on the MRTS line too Unusual services • On Korukkupet-Vysarpadi Line: three (two inbound and one return) • Avadi to Ennore (without touching Basin Bridge Jn and MAS) via Korukkupet directly to Vysarpadi Jeeva • Similarly there is a Tiruvallur to Ponneri (and reverse) (without touching Basin Bridge Jn and MAS) via Korukkupet directly to Vysarpadi Jeeva • . One daily service from Chennai beach to Chennai Central station in the evening only one way. ==Interchange stations==

The following new lines have been proposed in the Second Master Plan by CMDA as a long-term urban transportation scheme. • Avadi – Sriperumbudur – Kanchipuram • Saidapet – Sriperumbudur – Kanchipuram (Partly Elevated) • Sriperumbudur – Oragadam – Chengalpattu • Kelambakkam – Vandalur • St.Thomas Mount – Porur • Avadi - Sriperumbudur - Irugattukottai - Guduvancheri ( DRP under preparing ) The Avadi–Sriperumbudur line will cover a distance of at a cost of 2,550 million. The railways also plan to lay a Perungudi–Cuddalore railway line via Mahabalipuram. Comprehensive Transportation Study The following new lines have been proposed in the Comprehensive Transportation Study of the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. These lines will provide a circumferential travel network for the city. • Perungudi – Sholinganallur – Scrapped due to metro rail project • Mamallapuram – Chengalpattu – Pending • Chengalpattu – Tindivanam – Considering extending some Chengalpattu bound EMUs to Tindivanam • Korattur – Sholinganallur – Scrapped due to metro rail project ==Fares and ticketing==

Per the 2013 Railway Budget, the railway increased the Chennai suburban ticket fare by eight paise per kilometre, although the railway ministry has hiked it by two paise per kilometre. The number of fare schedules has also been reduced to four—,, and —from the eight tables earlier. Also ticket denominations have been rounded off to multiples of . As per the revised rates, a person traveling up to will have to pay , between , between and between . In 2012 (January–December), the Chennai division of Southern Railway zone generated through penalties imposed on ticketless and irregular travellers, which is marginally higher than generated during the previous fiscal (April 2011–March 2012). ==Rolling stock==

The current rolling stock is the broad-gauge WAU-4 built in the Integral Coach Factory of Chennai, to replace the YAU-x (x=1, 2, 3, 4) series meter gauge EMUs that ran till 2004 (on the South Line; they were also built by the ICF), which in turn were made to replace wooden-bodied rakes built by the British manufacturer Metro-Cammell. Electrical equipment and motors were provided by the Japanese manufacturers Toshiba and Hitachi. All trains have a maximum speed of and typically run in nine- or 12-coach formations. They were originally delivered in a cream and brown livery though they have been modernised in recent years. Most notably the brown stripe has been changed to green and the front end design has changed on some trains, as well as the addition of electronic destination displays. Like most suburban trains around India, they have manually operated sliding doors which are often left open. As with most suburban railways around India, trains have designated women's cars and compartments. There have also been women-only trains which run occasionally. Trains do not have gangways/vestibules between cars. Modernised versions of the WAU-4 stock also run on the suburban rail systems of other notable cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Pune and Hyderabad. The current WAU-4 rolling stock includes ICF rakes, BEML rakes and Siemens rakes (MRVC look-alikes). However, newer 3-Phase Medha EMUs have also been introduced to ply along the routes. On April 19, 2025, after extensive research and planning, Southern Railways introduced Air-Conditioned Suburban Trains to ply on the South (MSB-CGL) Line. These trains are based on the Medha rakes (Similar to Mumbai's AC Local), but with Automatic doors and Air-Conditioned and interconnected (articulated) carriages. ==Maintenance==

The suburban network has EMU car sheds at Avadi, Tambaram and Velachery where maintenance of EMUs is done. Electrical loco sheds of the Southern Railway are located at Royapuram, Arakkonam and Erode where maintenance of electrical locomotives is done. It also has workshops at Perambur Carriage Works and Perambur Loco Works where periodical overhauling of coaching stock is done. Periodical overhauling of electrical rolling stock is done at Perambur Loco Works and the EMU car sheds at Avadi and Tambaram. ==Accidents and incidents==

On 29 April 2009, a suburban EMU train from Chennai Central suburban terminal was hijacked by an unidentified man, who rammed it with a stationary goods train at Vyasarpadi Jeeva railway station, killing four passengers and injuring 11 others. A major portion of the platform at the station, a footbridge and the railway track were damaged by the collision. The train was scheduled to start at 5:15 am but started at 4:50 am by the perpetrator. The speed of the EMU train at the time of the collision was estimated to be . There were approximately 35 passengers on board at the time of the accident. Accident rates Of the entire stretch of the South line, the Guindy–Chengalpet suburban section, comprising 17 stations, suffers from more fatal accidents with about 30 people a month, peaking at the Chromepet–Tambaram stretch with at least 15 accidents a month as of 2011. Of the 181 people killed on the tracks between Guindy and Chengalpet in 2011, one-fourth were killed on the tracks between Chromepet and Tambaram stations. Almost all of these accidents took place at rail-road crossings. Measures are being taken to prevent these accidents. Several projects are already under way to convert all the rail-road crossings into Subways or overpasses. ==Security==

In 2013, seven important stations, including MGR Chennai Central, Chennai Egmore, Chennai Beach, Tambaram, Mambalam, Tiruvallur and Basin Bridge Junction, in the suburban section were brought under the Integrated Security System (ISS) of the Southern Railway. ==See also==