Ancient times and Middle Ages Chernichevo is located in a region with an ancient history and rich past. Near the settlement there are seven
Thraciandolmens. The Bulgarian archeologist Georgi Nekhrizov identifies Eastern Rhodopi region (citing Chernichevo) as an area with a distinct dolmen building style, which is distinguished from the typical Thracian tradition. During the
Middle Ages the Rhodopes were a battlefield of many wars between the
Eastern Roman Empire and the Bulgarian Empire for influence in the
Balkans. In these wars the local Bulgarian population supported the army of Bulgaria. In the
Latin-Bulgarian conflict the local population supported the Bulgarian forces too.
Geoffrey de Villehardouin claims that the local Bulgarians in the Southern Rhodopi killed in a battle Marquis
Boniface of Montferrat who was the king of
Thessaloniki. Later, in mid 14th century, the region was attacked by
Turkish troops, which made their first significant appearance in Europe in these years. Near Chernichevo there are ruins of an old village, a medieval
fortress and a
monastery, destroyed probably during the
Ottoman invasion.
Ottoman rule and strife for liberation During the Ottoman rule, a part of the population of Chernichevo adopted
Islam. A few of the village's neighborhoods were inhabited by Muslims, and a few neighborhoods by Christians, both speaking a Bulgarian dialect. In 1848 the Christian community built an
Orthodox church called "St. Atanasios" (). At the end of 19th century the Bulgarians - Christians in Chernichevo established a secret section of
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization. During the
Balkan Wars the village suffered from ethnic and religious tensions. According to Bulgarian academician
Lyubomir Miletich's book
The Destruction of Thracian Bulgarians in 1913, in the summer and the autumn of 1913 nearly 100 Christian residents of Chernichevo were killed by the
Muslim volunteers from the unrecognized
Provisional Government of Western Thrace. Today the memory of the innocent victims is honoured by the big monument in the center of the village. The
Bucharest Treaty left the village in the borders of Bulgaria. Some Muslim families, which collaborated with the Provisional Government of Western Thrace, moved to Turkey after the treaty.
Modern history Soldiers from Chernichevo participated in the Bulgarian army during the World wars, defending their country. Three soldiers died in the
Battle of the River Cherna. In 1950s Chernichevo became a stage for many border accidents between Bulgarian forces and saboteurs from Greece. On August 21, 1952, the commander of the local border outpost Lieutenant Mladen Kaleev died in а skirmish with Greek infiltrators who had entered Bulgarian territory. ==Traditional culture==