Juniperus chinensis

The leaves grow in two forms, juvenile needle-like leaves long, and adult scale-leaves 1.5–3 mm long. Mature trees usually continue to bear some juvenile foliage as well as adult, particularly on shaded shoots low in the crown. This species is often dioecious (either male or female plants), but some individual plants produce both sexes of flowers. The blue-black berry-like cones grow to 7–12 mm in diameter, have a whitish waxy bloom, and contain 2–4 seeds; they mature in about 18 months. The male cones, 2–4 mm long, shed their pollen in early spring. ==Cultivation and uses==

This popular ornamental tree or shrub for gardens, parks, and in tough coastal conditions of hot sun and sandy fast-draining soils, has more than 100 named cultivars selected for various characteristics, such as yellow foliage (e.g. cvs. 'Aurea', 'Tremonia'), permanently juvenile foliage (e.g. cv. 'Shoosmith'), columnar crown shape (cv. 'Columnaris'), abundant cones, spiral branch pattern (e.g. cv. 'Kaizuka'), etc. First popular in the United States in the Los Angeles gardens in Mediterranean style homes, and now commonly found along both the West and East Coast in beach and coastal areas. The Chinese juniper is widely used in bonsai, both as individual plants, such as the 250-year-old "Omiya tree" in the Birmingham Botanical Gardens in the UK, and in groups, such as the well-known Goshin on display at the National Bonsai and Penjing Museum at the US National Arboretum. The cultivar 'Shimpaku' is a very important bonsai subject. AGM cultivars The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit: • 'Blaauw' • 'Grey Owl' • 'Kaizuka' • 'Plumosa Aurea' • 'Pyramidalis' Juniperus × pfitzeriana The hybrid between Juniperus chinensis and Juniperus sabina, known as Juniperus × pfitzeriana (Pfitzer juniper, synonym J. × media), is also very common as a cultivated plant. This hybrid grows only as a shrub, never a tree, making it suitable for smaller gardens: • 'Old Gold' • 'Sulphur Spray' ==Gallery==

File:JuniperusChinensis.jpg File:Juniperus chinensis bonsai.jpg|As a 250-year-old bonsai in the Birmingham Botanical Gardens File:Juniperus chinensis 01.JPG File:Juniperus pfitzeriana "Old Gold".jpg|J. × pfitzeriana 'Old Gold' File:Juniperus chinensis ‘Expamsa Variegata’.jpg|J. chinensis 'Expansa Variegata' File:-46 planting.jpg File:龍柏 Juniperus chinensis 'Kaizuka'-台灣台中公園 Taichung Park, Taiwan-20211008092821 11.jpg|Juniperus chinensis var. kaizuka ==References==