C-H activation is often catalyzed by chlorobis(cyclooctene)rhodium dimer as demonstrated in the synthesis of a strained bicyclic enamine. : The synthesis of a mescaline analogue involves enantioselective annulation of an aryl imine via a C-H activation. The total synthesis of lithospermic acid employs "guided C-H functionalization" late stage to a highly functionalized system. The directing group, a
chiral nonracemic imine, is capable of performing an intramolecular alkylation, which allows for the rhodium-catalyzed conversion of imine to the dihydrobenzofuran. ==References==