City of London Police

To 1850 Traditionally the responsibility for policing in the city had been divided between day and night City Watch, primarily under the two sheriffs. Their responsibilities were shared with the aldermen's officers – the ward beadles – who are now purely ceremonial. It was these officers' responsibility for ensuring that the Night Watch was maintained. Policing during the day eventually came under the City Patrol, which evolved into the City Day Police, which was modelled on the Metropolitan Police. The London City Police was officially formed in 1832, before becoming the City of London Police with the passing of the City of London Police Act 1839, which gave statutory approval to the force as an independent police body and headed off attempts made to merge it with the Metropolitan Police. It moved its headquarters from the corporation's Guildhall to 26 Old Jewry in 1840. The force has had special constables since at least 1911, when 1,648 were called for duty during docks strikes. There was one day in 1918, when the only warranted officer within the city of London was a special constable. Several regular officers of the force were killed in Nazi German air raids over London in 1941 and 1942. File:London 1908 CityofLondonPolice.jpg|The gold medal-winning City of London Police team at the 1908 Summer Olympics File:Sergeants Tucker and Bentley and PC Choate.jpg|Sergeants Tucker and Bentley and Constable Choate, murdered while on duty on 16 December 1910 1990–2001 The early 1990s saw the IRA carry out a number of high-profile attacks in the city as part of the Troubles, such as the 1992 Baltic Exchange bombing and the 1993 Bishopsgate bombing, resulting in huge economic and infrastructural damage. As a result, the Traffic and Environmental Zone, better known as the "ring of steel", was officially established in 1993 by Owen Kelly, the then City of London Police commissioner. Commander Hugh Moore suffered a fatal heart failure in 1993 following a violent arrest. Some aspects of the ring of steel were 'stepped down' in the late 1990s following the cessation of IRA hostilities, but stepped up again after the September 11 attacks. The force's headquarters relocated to Wood Street in 2001. 2002 saw the most recent City officer to die in the line of duty. In 2014, the force was chosen to be the lead force for fraud, overseen by the National Crime Agency, to operate the National Fraud Intelligence Bureau (NFIB) and cybercrime reporting centre. This includes the 'Report Fraud' (formerly 'Action Fraud') service for gathering and analysing reports of fraud and financially motivated cyber crime reported by the public. In 2015, the City of London Police mounted unit also escorted the exhumed remains of King Richard III through the city of Leicester from St Nicholas Church to Leicester Cathedral, en route to their reburial. ==List of commissioners==

• Daniel Whittle Harvey (1839–1863) • Colonel Sir James Fraser (1863–1890) • Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Henry Smith (1890–1902) • Captain Sir William Nott-Bower (1902–1925) • Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Hugh Turnbull (1925–1950) • Colonel Sir Arthur Young (1950–1971) • James Page (1971–1977) • Peter Marshall (1977–1985) • Owen Kelly (1985–1994) • William Taylor (1994–1998) • Perry Nove (1998–2002) • James Hart (2002–2006) • Mike Bowron (2006–2011) • Adrian Leppard (2011–2015) • Ian Dyson (2016–2022) • Angela McLaren (2022–2023) • Peter O'Doherty (2023–present) ==Organisation==

The City Police is organised into five directorates: The Economic Crime Directorate includes: • Dedicated Card and Payment Crime Unit (DCPCU) • Insurance Fraud Department (IFED) • National Fraud Intelligence Bureau (NFIB) and Report Fraud (formerly 'Action Fraud') • Police Intellectual Property Crime Unit (PIPCU) • Economic Crime Academy (ECA) responsible for delivering counter fraud and economic crime training both nationally and internationally • The Directorate also had an Overseas Anti-Corruption Unit (OACU). This unit (along with the Metropolitan Police's Proceeds of Corruption Unit) was transferred to the National Crime Agency in 2015 and renamed the International Corruption Unit (ICU). Leadership structure Chief officer team: • Commissioner – Peter O'Doherty • Deputy Commissioner Local – Paul Betts • Deputy Commissioner National – Nik Adams • Commander – Umer Khan • Temporary Commander – Andrew Gould • Service Delivery Director – Chris Bell • Chief Operating Officer – Alix Newbold • Joint Chief Finance Officer – Alistair "Ally" Cook ==Uniform==

. Whereas the majority of British police forces have white metal cap badges and buttons, those of the City Police are brass. The force also have red and white chequered sleeve and cap bands (red and white being the colours of the City of London), which in most other British police forces are black and white. In formal uniform, female officers wear a red and white cravat. Their helmet (worn by male constables and sergeants) has altered little since its introduction in 1865 and has a crest instead of the white metal boss worn on the Metropolitan Police helmet. The "helmet plate" or badge is the City of London coat of arms; this is unusual for a police force in England and Wales in that it does not include St Edward's Crown, neither does it have the Brunswick Star, which is used on most other police helmets in England and Wales. On state and ceremonial occasions, the commissioner and assistant commissioners wear a special court dress uniform with a gold aiguillette and a cocked hat adorned with white swan's feathers; other than on these occasions, they wear standard uniform. ==Equipment and vehicles==

City of London police officers carry warrant cards. Like most other police forces in Great Britain, City of London police officers are not routinely armed, but some officers have received firearms training and are authorised firearms officers. City of London police equipment includes PAVA irritant spray, batons, and handcuffs. Many officers are also equipped with the Taser electroshock weapon; according to the police force's reported figures, Tasers have been deployed (including drawing or "red-dotting") about seven times per month. In the September 2018 to September 2020 period, the City of London Police recorded 11 incidents of police officers firing Tasers on suspects. The City of London Police maintains a fleet of police vehicles, including SUVs, compact cars, motorcycle, and vans, as well as one horsebox. All of the force's response vehicles, including armed response vehicles (ARVs) carry a defibrillator and first aid supplies, for use in the event of an emergency. File:City of London Police (12546796895).jpg|A Škoda Octavia II Facelift in 2014. File:City_of_London_Police_LS09_VGK,_23_October_2013.jpg|A Mercedes-Benz Sprinter (2006) van. ==Mounted unit==

The City of London Police maintains a mounted police unit. In addition to regular duties, the horses of the mounted unit have been used to trample wildflower seeds at the Barbican Wildlife Garden at the request of the community wildlife gardeners. The horses' ceremonial duties include participation in Trooping the Colour and the Lord Mayor's Show. ==Ranks==

The ranks from constable to chief superintendent are the same as all other British police forces. The three senior ranks are similar to those used by the Metropolitan Police. Insignia Constables and sergeants display collar numbers on their rank badges (in the range 1 to 150 for sergeants and 151 to 999 for constables). Officers between the ranks of inspector and chief superintendent (who do not have collar numbers) display their warrant numbers instead. The City of London police also has a special constabulary with seven ranks of officers. As with regular officers, constables and sergeants display collar numbers on their rank badges (in the range 1001 to 1099 for sergeants and 1101 to 1299 for constables) and the ranks of inspector and chief inspector display their warrant numbers, in all cases followed by the letters "SC". As well as a PCSO rank Workforce The following is the current released workforce data. The "chief officer" category includes the commissioner, assistant commissioner and commanders, and the "special constable" category includes all special constable ranks. {{British Police Rank Numbers|Title=City of London Police Workforce ==Special Constabulary==

As of December 2023, it consists of 47 volunteer officers, led by a special chief inspector, assisted by two special inspectors, six special sergeants and 38 special constables. The majority undertake duties during evenings and nights in support of the regular force in dealing with issues arising from the busy night-time economy of the city. However, other officers perform more specialist roles in the force's other directorates including supporting the National Lead Force (NLF) in the National Fraud Intelligence Bureau (NFIB) with a number of officers joining the national Cyber Volunteering initiative. In 2023, the City of London Police undertook a major restructure of the COLP Special Constabulary, with the ranks of special commander and special superintendent being abolished and the chief officer now being special chief inspector who reports to the chief superintendent for local policing who in turn answers to the commander for ops and Security. Special Constables have four-digit collar numbers beginning 11 or 12, and Special Sergeants have four-digit collar numbers beginning 10. Chief Officers of City of London Special Constabulary • Colonel Vickers Dunfee (1911–1914) • Colonel JW Benningfield (1914–1918) • Colonel Vickers Dunfee (1918–1927) • Colonel RT Blackham (1927–1928) • WG Lovell (1928–1933) • GT Foxon (1933–1944) • W Penman (1944–1952) • Colonel A Woods (1952–1966) • HE Wright (1966–1974) • Major SC Holmes (1975–1982) • F AD Ralfe (1983–1988) • J Hurcombe-Blight (1988–1999) • B Willis (1999–2004) • Ian Miller (2004–2016) • James Phipson (2016–2023) • Philip Nastri (2023–present) ==Other corporation policing bodies==

The City of London Corporation, the local authority for the city, also operates further limited policing bodies. These bodies are not part of the City of London Police: • City of London market constabularies; • Hampstead Heath Constabulary; and • Epping Forest Keepers. == See also ==