Early life Born in
Oostzaan, his father was an alleged member of the
Geuzen of
Dirck Duyvel housed in
Zaanstreek allied other nobleman in opposition of Spanish rule. Compaen went to sea at an early age and eventually became a successful merchant as a trader along the coast of Guinea. He later used the profits from these voyages to refit his ships for privateering activities against the Spanish. Based from Oostende and Duinkerken, he was initially successful capturing several Spanish prizes within a short period of time, however, several of the ships were later released by Dutch authorities. One of these captured ships was over 200 tons, fitted with 17 guns and manned by a crew of 80 men.
Piratical career Sometime around 1621, he left port with a
letter of marque from the Dutch Admiralty leaving them to pay his debt of 8,000
gilders to the widow of
Medemblik ship owner Captain Pieter Gerritszoon, from whom he had purchased his ship. He soon stopped a fishing boat, taking its cargo of
herring and
salted fish, and used
letter of credit issued by Dutch authorities although the Admiralty refused to compensate the fishermen. He seized the cargo of another ship before taking shelter in
Vlissingen from an approaching storm. While in port, he took on 50 additional crew members. Shortly after leaving Vlissingen, he resorted to open and indiscriminate piracy selling his cargo in England and the
Barbary coast. In 1625, he began operating from the
Duchy of Clare. He was a close friend of the local governor as well as the
Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford and freely operated in the
Irish Sea and the
English Channel under their protection for some time. Compaen later turned up in the
Mediterranean, selling captured ships and their cargo at the Moroccan ports of
Saffi,
Mogador and
Salé. While at Salé, he sold most of his prizes (over 300 ships in his career) to
Simon the Dancer, Jr., son of the famed Dutch privateer Simon the Dancer who had been active in the area during the previous decade. The heavy costs of dealing with him eventually caused Compaen to do business with his chief rival
Jan Janszoon. This caused a major disagreement, with Simon sending a fleet to attack him while at port. Compaen was warned of the attack ahead of time and was able to successfully defeat the attackers as well as capture one of Simon's ships. During the raid, Simon's flagship was reportedly so badly damaged it was forced to retreat from the battle. Following this defeat, Simon was forced to leave Salé seeking asylum in the Dutch Republic. Receiving a pardon from the Netherlands, he eventually became a corsair himself.
Battle with the Hollandia In 1626 Compaen began looking to request a pardon from the Dutch so as to return to his homeland. On 5 July two ships belonging to the
Dutch East India Company were sighted. These ships, the
Hollandia and the smaller yacht
Grootenbroek, had been separate from the main fleet which had gone ahead to the Verdian Isles without them while the
Hollandia was escorted to
Sierra Leone to repair a leak (another account claims it stopped to stock up on limes for its crew suffering from
scurvy). Compaen ordered his four ships to attack the stragglers although he was forced to withdraw after his flagship suffered severe damage from the
Hollandia under Captain Wybrant Schram. Seventy of his men had also been killed in battle. When Schram's logbook was later published, Compaen gained particular notoriety from the battle whose reputation was established as
"the most notorious Dutch pirate". A biography on his piratical career,
The Life of Claes G. Compaen, was published in
Amsterdam by
De Groot in 1715. ==References==