On February 24, 1958, Clayton was nominated by President
Dwight D. Eisenhower to a seat on the
United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi vacated by Judge
Elijah Allen Cox. Clayton was confirmed by the
United States Senate on March 4, 1958, and received his commission on March 12, 1958. He served as Chief Judge from 1966 to 1967. Clayton's service was terminated on November 23, 1967, due to elevation to the Fifth Circuit. On October 16, 1967, President
Lyndon B. Johnson nominated Clayton to a new seat on the
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit created by 80 Stat. 75. He was confirmed by the Senate on October 26, 1967, and received his commission the following day. He served until his death on July 4, 1969. ==References==