Impulsoria

The invention of a successful mobile treadmill powered locomotive was made by Clemente Masserano from Pignerol in Italy. The idea was not new, but previous attempts in England, France, and Spain were unsuccessful. and notably the wheels had roller-bearings and a gearbox that allowed it to climb. It was said to be able to pull 30 wagons up an incline and could be used with two or four horses. The gear box allowed the horses to always walk at their best speed whilst the vehicle could then have a range of speeds and torques. Because of the gears, the top speed was not limited to the top speed of the horses. The gearbox allowed the horses to drive the vehicle in forward as well as reverse directions, and it was also possible to disengage the drive so that the vehicle could stop whilst the horses continued to walk up the treadmill. During trials at Nine-Elms terminus of the South Western Railway, the two-horse Impulsoria travelled at pulling one wagon within the station. It was thought that a final version would reach and would outrun a steam engine. ==Cost and efficiency==

The efficiency of the device was compared favourably with existing steam locomotives, which were thought to waste too much energy. The cost of operating the Impulsoria was estimated at two shillings per day per horse. During that eight-hour day it was estimated that the horses could propel Impulsoria eight times over a thirty-mile route. ==Exhibition==

An Italian Professor of Philosophy, Dr Andrea Crestadoro, improved the design of this unusual device, and later took out related patents in 1852. With his improvements, he exhibited it at The Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace in 1851. ==See also==