In the field of medicine, the usage of the terms (in ascending order of rank) clinical instructor, clinical assistant professor, clinical associate professor, and clinical professor (as opposed to the same titles without the clinical modifier) are not well standardized. In some institutions, clinical faculty may receive a designation of rank with the "clinical" modifier as a courtesy, often on the basis of involvement in education of medical (or other) students. In such a context, ascending rank may acknowledge seniority and/or reputation. Medical faculty working full-time as an academic medical center with involvement in scholarly pursuits are typically assigned a rank without the clinical modifier of instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, or professor with or without tenure depending upon the institution. The assistant clinical professor position may be almost entirely honorary. In Canada, doctors who teach are called "
preceptors." == Australia ==