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Colchicum autumnale

Colchicum autumnale, commonly known as autumn crocus, meadow saffron, naked boys or naked ladies, is a toxic autumn-blooming flowering plant that resembles the true crocuses, but is a member of the plant family Colchicaceae, unlike the true crocuses, which belong to the family Iridaceae. It is called "naked boys/ladies" because the flowers emerge from the ground long before the leaves appear. Despite the vernacular name of "meadow saffron", this plant is not the source of saffron, which is obtained from the saffron crocus, Crocus sativus – and that plant, too, is sometimes called "autumn crocus".

Description
This herbaceous perennial has leaves up to long. The flowers are solitary, across, with six tepals and six stamens with orange anthers and three white styles. At the time of fertilisation, the ovary is below ground. ==Distribution and habitat==
Distribution and habitat
C. autumnale is the only species of its family native to Great Britain and Ireland, It grows in lowland grassy meadows. ==Pharmaceutical uses==
Pharmaceutical uses
The bulb-like corms of C. autumnale contain colchicine, a useful drug with a narrow therapeutic index. Colchicine is approved in many countries for the treatment of gout and familial Mediterranean fever. Colchicine is also used in plant breeding to produce polyploid strains. ==Toxicity==
Toxicity
Colchicum is lethally toxic due to its colchicine content. Its leaves have been mistaken by foragers for those of Allium ursinum (ramsons or wild garlic), which they vaguely resemble. This plant (and colchicine itself) poses a particular threat to felines. The corms of meadow saffron contain the highest level of toxins, but all parts of the plant are regarded as poisonous. ==Gallery==
Gallery
File:Colchicum autumnale 050505.jpg|Seed capsules File:Semen Colchici by Danny S. - 001.JPG|Seeds File:Colchicum autumnale at the U.S. Botanic Gardens - Sarah Stierch.jpg|Detail of flower at the United States Botanic Gardens File:Colchiques dans les prés.jpg|In a meadow Lauterbourg, (Alsace), France File:Autumn crocus easyloc1.jpg|Group of autumn crocus on an alpine meadow (Laterns, Vorarlberg, Austria) File:Colchicum autumnale00.jpg|Colchicum autumnale by Auguste Faguet File:Meadow saffron plate no 6 bv73c1191 bk128b698 crop.jpeg|From The Book of Health, 1898, by Henry Munson Lyman ==References==
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