To bind a document, the user first punches holes in the paper with a specialized
hole punch. Pages must be punched a few at a time with most of these machines. If hard covers are desired, they must be punched as well. In bulk applications, a paper drilling machine may be used. Then the user chooses a spine size that will match the document. Standard sizes are (for 16 sheets of 20# paper) up to (for 425 sheets). Spine lengths are generally to match the length of letter-size paper. The rings on the spine open and insert into the holes in the page, then rest against the body of the spine, resulting in a closure that can be opened again for making changes to the book. image:Comb bind step1.JPG|Machine opening the spine image:Comb bind step2.JPG|Pre-punched paper with spine rings through holes image:Comb bind step3.JPG|Rings closed on paper image:Comb bind step4.JPG|Completed book out of machine ==Comparison with other punch binds==