The railway station was originally called
Yarronvale after a local pastoral station with the town taking its name from the railway station. However, it was renamed in 1913 to
Cooladdi, an
Aboriginal word meaning
black duck, to avoid confusion with the pastoral station, which was 15 miles away. Cooladdi was a railhead for the local pastoral community. At one time, Cooladdi had a school, post office, and police station with a population of about 270 people. As the railway line extended further west, Cooladdi's role and population declined. The Cooladdi State School originally opened on 19 March 1926 as a Provisional School with 9 students under teacher A.W. Marsh. In 1933, a new school building was constructed and the school redesignated as a State School. The school closed on 3 May 1974. It was located opposite the railway station on Cooladdi Access Road (). == Demographics ==