2018 United Nations Climate Change Conference

After the United States left the Paris Agreement, China took a leading role by hosting many of the preparatory meetings in the weeks beforehand. In November 2018, the World Meteorological Organization released a report stating that 2017 atmospheric carbon dioxide levels reached 405 parts per million (ppm), a level not seen in three to five million years. In October 2018, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published its Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 °C (SR15). == Speeches ==

On 3 December 2018, the noted British naturalist Sir David Attenborough told delegates at the conference that: On 4 December 2018, 15-year-old climate change activist Greta Thunberg addressed the summit and explained the severity of the problem this way: The same day, the 14th Dalai Lama wrote to the participants of the conference: "Climate change is not a concern of just one or two nations. It is an issue that affects all humanity, and every living being on this earth. This beautiful place is our only home. We have to take serious action now to protect our environment and find constructive solutions to global warming." Al Gore told delegates they faced "the single most important moral choice in history of humanity". António Guterres the Secretary-General of the United Nations told "We're running out of time. To waste this opportunity would compromise our last best chance to stop runaway climate change. It would not only be immoral, it would be suicidal." The IPCC special report is a stark acknowledgment of what the consequences of global warming beyond 1.5 degrees will mean for billions of people around the world, especially those who call small island states home. "This is not good news, but we cannot afford to ignore it." He added also: "We can achieve all of these goals and they are complementary." During his speech, he reinforced that impression: "Alarmism should not silence realism." A youth conference with children representing over 30 countries was also held during the conference. == Events ==

Side events at the conference allow for admitted observers which have limited speaking opportunities, to host side events that are categorized under three categories as part of the Paris Agreement. The categories include: Enhancing Ambition, Promoting Implementation, and Providing Support to Developing Countries. There are also outside events that are hosted by the UNFCCC secretariat, Parties and observer organizations. There were five thematic days at the conference: • 4 December – Research into Practice Day • 5 December – Farmers Day • 6 December – Business and Industry Day • 7 December – Indigenous Peoples Day • 10 December – Ambition and Just Transition Day The UNFCCC has created a YouTube account called the "Climate Action Studio" recording side events at the conference. Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa (JSW), which co-sponsored the COP24, showcased pro-ecological changes in the mining sector. All side events of COP24 are all archived by the UNFCCC. == Result ==

The conference agreed on rules to implement the Paris Agreement, which came into force, that is to say the rulebook on how governments will measure, and report on their emissions-cutting efforts. Due to difficulty to reach agreement between parties, some difficult questions such as ways to scale up existing commitments on cutting emissions, ways to provide financial help for poor countries, wording that does not allow double counting and whether countries are doing enough to cut their emissions (in the light of the IPCC report) were postponed to the next conference. Many say, that there is a "lack of urgency" in the COP decisions, but some good decisions have been made. == See also ==