List of governors in the Viceroyalty of New Spain

• Under the judicial jurisdiction of the Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo and the administrative supervision of its President-Captain General with great autonomy from the Viceroy of New Spain. Island of Santo Domingo • 1492–1499 Christopher Columbus, as Governor or Viceroy of the Indies. • 1499–1502 Francisco de Bobadilla, as Governor of the Indies. • 1502–1509 Nicolás de Ovando y Cáceres, as Governor of the Indies. • 1509–1518 Diego Colón, as Governor of the Indies until 1511, thereafter as Viceroy of the Indies. • 1526 Real Audiencia of Santo Domingo established. • 1536 Viceroyalty of the Indies purchased by Crown from Luis Colón. Santo Domingo directly administered by the President-Captain General of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo. • 1795–1808 Spanish part of the Island ceded to France in the Peace of Basel. Island ceases to be a Spanish possession. • 1808–1821 After local revolts and subsequent defeat of the French, Santo Domingo realigns itself with Spain. Yet, this is the era of "Foolish Spain" and the colony is loosely held. • 1821–1844 Haitian occupation of Santo Domingo by Jean-Pierre Boyer • 1844–1861 Birth of the Dominican Republic as an independent country, yet due to fears of re invasion by the Haitian Armies, Dominican Republic realigns itself with Spain. • 1861–1865 Territory is re-Colonized by Spain and Pedro Santana is appointed Governor and Captain General of the Colony of Dominican Republic. • 1865 Dominican Republic is restored as a sovereign nation. Island of Cuba • See List of colonial heads of Cuba. • 1510 Conquered by Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, who becomes first Governor. • 1511 Settlers create Municipality of Barbacoa to separate Island from the Viceroyalty of Diego Colón. • 1607 Governor given additional office of Captain General. Pedro Váldez first Governor-Captain General. • 1765 Independent Intendancy created for the Island. First Intendant was Miguel de Altarriba. • 1795 Audiencia of Santo Domingo moves to Cuba; becomes Audiencia of Puerto Príncipe. • 1821 Collapse of the Viceroyalty of New Spain makes Island of Cuba principal possession of the Spanish Monarchy in America. Island of Puerto Rico • See List of governors of Puerto Rico. • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo. • 1508 First settlement established by Juan Ponce de León, who becomes first Governor. • 1511 Island returned to the Viceroyalty of Diego Colón. • 1536 Crown purchases Viceroyalty from Luis Colón, Diego's son. • 1536–1545 Each half of the Island administered by the Alcaldes of San Juan and San Germán. • 1545 Governorship reestablished. • 1580 Governor given additional office of Captain General. • 1784 Governor-Captain General given additional office of Intendant. • 1821 Collapse of Viceroyalty of New Spain. Island of Puerto Rico under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Puerto Príncipe, Cuba. Province of Florida (1699–1763) • See List of colonial governors of Florida. Intendancy issues handled by the Cuban Intendancy starting in 1763. • 1565 Granted right to communicate directly to the Council of the Indies. Florida overseen by President of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo until subordinated to Cuba in 1763. • 10 February 1763 Traded to Britain (exchanged for Cuba); division into two colonies, East Florida and West Florida. • 9 May 1781 West Florida retaken by Spain. • 23 September 1783 East and West Florida formally returned to Spain (subordinated to Cuba). • 27 October 1785 Northern boundary of Florida established by the Treaty of San Lorenzo/Pinckney's Treaty. • 22 February 1819 Ceded to U.S. by Adams-Onís Treaty. Province of Nueva Andalucía • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo until the creation of the Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1739. • 1536 Province of New Andalusia created. • 1568 New Andalusia joined with neighboring Province of Paria; first Governor Diego Hernández de Serpa. • 1739 Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Bogotá in judicial matters. • 1739–1777 Maintained under the administration of the President of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo. • 1777 Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Santo Domingo in judicial matters; under the Captain General of Venezuela in administrative matters. • 1786 Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Caracas in judicial matters. Louisiana (1762-1802) • See List of colonial governors of Louisiana • 23 November 1762 Ceded by France by Treaty of Fontainebleau • 21 March 1801 Retroceded to France by Treaty of Aranjuez. ==Provinces of New Spain==

Province of Vera Cruz • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. • 1787 Intendencia of Vera Cruz, part of New Spain. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Transformed into State of Veracruz. Intendants of Vera Cruz • 1787–1790 Pedro de Corbalán • 1790–1794 Pedro Fernández de Gorositza y Lorea • 1794–1796 Pedro Ponce • 1796–1799 Diego García Panes • 1799–1810 García Dávila • 1810–1812 Carlos de Urrutia y Montoya • 1812–1814 Pedro Telmo Landero • 1814–1815 José de Quevedo • 1816–1818 José Dávila (First time) • 1818–1819 Pascual Sebastián de Liñán y Dolz de Espejo • 1819–1821 José Dávila (Second time) Kingdom of Mexico or New Spain • Administered directly by the Viceroy and the Real Audiencia of Mexico; see List of viceroys of New Spain. • See Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire for early history. Province of Puebla • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. • 1787 Intendencia of Puebla established. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Puebla transformed into the State of Puebla. • 1846 as a State 49 of the United States • 1898 as a State 18 of the Mexico Intendants of Puebla • 1787–1811 Manuel Flón y Tejada, conde de la Cadena • 1811–1812 García Dávila • 1812 Santiago de Irissari • 1812–1813 Prudencio de Guadalfajara y Aguilera, conde de Castro Terreño • 1814 Ramón Díaz Ortega • 1814–1815 José Moreno y Daioz • 1815–1816 Joaquín Estévez • 1816–1821 Ciriaco del Llano Province of Oaxaca • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. • 1521 Marquisate of the Valley of Oaxaca created for Hernán Cortés. • 1787 Intendencia of Oaxaca, part of New Spain. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. Intendants Oaxaca • 1787–1808 Antonio de Mora y Peysal • 1808–1810 Antonio María Izquierdo de la Torre • 1810–1814 Joseph María Lazo y Nacarino • 1814–1816 Francisco Rendón (First time) • 1816–1818 Antonio Basilio Gutiérrez de Ulloa • 1818–1821 Francisco Rendón (Second time) Province of Valladolid • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. • 1787 Intendencia of Valladolid created. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Valladolid transformed into State of Michoacán. Intendants of Valladolid • 1787–1791 Juan Antonio de Riaño y Bárcena de los Cuentos y Velarde • 1797–1808 Felipe Díaz de Ortega Bustillo • 1810–1821 Manuel Merino y Moreno Province of Guanajuato • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. • 1787 Intendecia of Guanajuato created. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. Intendants of Guanajuato • 1787–1790 Andrés de Amat y Torosa • 1790–1792 Pedro José Soriano • 1792–1810 Juan Antonio Riaño y Barcena de los Cuentos y Velarde • 1810–1821 Fernando Pérez Marañón Province of San Luis Potosí • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Mexico. • 1787 Intendencia of San Luis Potosí created. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. Intendants of San Luis Potosí • 1787–1799 Bruno Díaz de Alcedo • 1799–1800 Vicente Bernabeu • 1800–1804 Onésimo Antonio Durán • 1804–1805 Manuel Ampudía • 1805–1809 José Ignacio Vélez • 1809–1810 José Ruíz de Aguirre • 1810–1821 Manuel Jacinto de Acevedo Province of Yucatán (Mérida) • 1517 Claimed for Spain. • 1519 Spanish colonization of the Yucatán peninsula begins. • 1527–1543 Province of Yucatán, subordinated to Nueva España (see Mexico). • 1543–1549 Subordinated to the Kingdom of Guatemala (autonomous part of the Viceroyalty). • 1543–1560 Part of Captaincy of Gracias (Yucatán, Chiapas, Tabasco, Panama and Central America). • 1549–1550 Subordinated to Nueva España. • 1550–1560 Subordinated to Guatemala. • 1560 Subordinated to Nueva España. • 1617 Captaincy General of Yucatán established. • 1787 Intendencia of Mérida created. • 28 September 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Yucatán transformed into a state. Governors Yucatán • 1526–1540 Francisco de Montejo (First time) • 1540–1546 Francisco de Montejo, El Mozo (the younger) • 1546–1549 Francisco de Montejo (Second time) • 1549–1565 The Alcaldes of Mérida • 1565–1571 Luis de Céspedes y Oviedo • 1571–1573 Diego de Santillán • 1573–1577 Francisco de Solís • 1577–1582 Guillén de las Casas • 1582–1586 Francisco de Solís • 1586–1593 Antonio de Vozmediano • 1593–1595 Alonso Ordóñez de Nevares • 1595–1596 Pablo Higueras de la Cerda • 1596–1597 Carlos Sámano y Quiñónes • 1597–1604 Diego Fernández de Velasco y Enríquez de Almansa • 1604–1612 Carlos de Luna y Arellano • 1612–1617 Antonio de Figueroa y Bravo • 1617–1619 Francisco Ramírez Briceño • 1619–1620 The Alcaldes of Mérida • 1620–1621 Arias de Losada y Taboada • 1621–1628 Diego de Cardenas y Balda • 1628–1630 Juan de Vargas Machuca • 1631–1633 Fernando Centeño Maldonaldo (First time) • 1633–1635 Jerónimo de Quero y Jiménez • 1635–1636 Fernando Centeño Maldonaldo (Second time) • 1636–1643 Diego Zapata de Cárdenas, marqués de Santo Floro • 1643–1644 Francisco Núñez Melián • 1644–1645 Enrique de Ávila Pacheco (First time) • 1645–1648 Esteban de Azcárraga y Veytias • 1648–1650 Enrique de Ávila Pacheco (Second time) • 1650–1652 García Valdés de Osorio Dóriga y Tiñeo, marqués de Peñalba • 1652–1653 Martín Roble y Villfañe • 1653–1655 Pedro Saenz Izquierdo • 1655–1660 Francisco de Bazán • 1660–1662 José Campero y Campos • 1663–1664 Juan Francisco Esquivel y de la Rosa (First time) • 1664 Rodrigo de Flores y Aldana (First time) • 1664–1667 Juan Francisco Esquivel y de la Rosa (Second time) • 1667–1669 Rodrigo de Flores y Aldana (Second time) • 1669–1670 Frutos Delgado • 1670–1672 Fernando Francisco de Escobedo • 1672–1674 Miguel Cordornio de Sola • 1674–1677 Sancho Fernández de Angulo y Sandoval • 1677–1683 Antonio de Layseca y Alvarado de la Ronda • 1683–1688 Juan Bruno Téllez de Guzmán • 1688–1693 Juan José de la Bárcena • 1693–1699 Roque Soberanis y Centeño • 1699–1703 Martín de Urzúa y Arizmendi, count of Lizárraga (first term) • 1703–1706 Álvaro de Rivaguda Enciso y Luyando • 1706–1708 Martín de Urzúa y Arizmendi, count of Lizárraga (second term) • 1708–1712 Fernando de Meneses y Bravo de Saravia • 1712–1715 Alonso de Meneses y Bravo de Saravia • 1715–1720 Juan Jose de Vertiz y Ontanón • 1720–1724 Antonio Cortaire y Terreros • 1724–1733 Antonio de Figueroa y Silva Lasso de la Vega Ladrón del Niño de Guevara • 1733–1734 Juan Fernández de Sabariego • 1734–1736 Santiago de Aguirre Negro y Estrada Martínez de Maturana y Estrada • 1736–1743 Manuel Ignacio Salcedo y Sierra Alta y Rado y Bedia • 1743–1750 Anontio de Benevides • 1750–1752 Juan José de Clou, marqués de Iscar • 1752–1758 Melchor de Navarrette • 1758–1761 Alonso Fernández de Heredia • 1761–1762 José Crespo y Honorato • 1762–1763 Antonio Ainz de Ureta • 1763 José Álvarez • 1763–1764 Felipe Ramírez de Estenoz • 1764–1771 Cristóbal de Zayas • 1771–1777 Antonio de Oliver • 1778–1779 Hugo Ocónor Cunco y Fali • 1779–1783 Roberto Rivas Betancourt • 1783–1789 José Marino y Ceballos Governor-Intendants of Mérida • 1789–1793 Lucas de Gálvez • 1793–1800 Arturo O' Neil y O' Kelly • 1800–1811 Benito Pérez Brito de los Ríos y Fernández Valdelomar • 1812–1815 Manuel Artazo y Torredemer • 1815–1820 Miguel Castro y Araoz • 1820–1821 Mariano Carrillo y Albornoz • 1821 Juan María Echéverri ==Kingdom of Nueva Galicia (Guadalajara)==

• 1531 Nueva Galicia conquered and created by Nuño Beltrán de Guzmán, first President of the Real Audiencia of Mexico. • 1535 Viceroyalty established, Antonio de Mendoza first Viceroy. • 1545 Alcaldia Mayor of Nueva Galicia established. • 1549 Audiencia of Nueva Galicia established; administration given to Audiencia President. • 1787 Intendencia of Guadalajara created; Audiencia Presidency becomes a judicial role. • 1821 Intendancy of Guadalajara part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Guadalajara becomes State of Jalisco. Province of New Galicia Governor-Presidents of Guadalajara • 1679–1702 Alonso de Ceballos y Villagutierre • 1702–1703 Antonio Hipólito de Abarca Vidal y Valda • 1703–1708 Juan de Escalante Colombres y Mendoza • 1708–1716 Toribio Rodríguez de Solís • 1716–1724 Tomás Terán de los Ríos • 1724–1727 Nicolás Rivera y Santa Cruz • 1727–1732 Tomás Rivera y Santa Cruz • 1732–1737 José Barragán de Burgos • 1737–1743 Francisco de Aiza, marqués del Castillo de Aiza • 1743–1751 Fermín de Echevers y Subiza • 1751–1760 José de Basarte y Borán • 1760–1761 Francisco Galindo Quiñónes y Barrientos (First time) • 1761–1764 Pedro Montesinos de Lara • 1764–1771 Francisco Galindo Quiñónes y Barrientos (Second time) • 1771–1776 Eusebio Sánchez Pareja y Beleño (First time) • 1776–1777 Ruperto Vicente de Luyando • 1777–1786 Eusebio Sánchez Pareja y Beleño (Second time) Governor-Intendants of Guadalajara • 1787–1791 Antonio de Villaurrutia y Salcedo • 1791–1798 Jacobo de Ugarte y Loyola • 1800–1804 José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa • 1804–1805 José Ignacio Ortiz de Salinas • 1805–1811 Roque Abarca • 1811–1821 José de la Cruz Province of Zacatecas • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Guadalajara. • 1787 Intendencia of Zacatecas, part of New Spain. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Province transformed into State of Zacatecas. Intendants of Zacatecas • 1789–1792 Felipe Cleere • 1792–1796 José de Peón y Valdés • 1796–1810 Francisco Rendón • 1810–1811 Miguel de Rivera, conde de Santiago de la Laguna • 1811 José Manuel de Ochoa • 1811 Juan José Zambrano • 1811–1812 Martín de Mednina • 1812–1814 Santiago de Irisarri • 1814–1816 Diego García Conde • 1816–1820 José de Gayangos • 1821–1823 Manuel Orive y Novales Province of Nuevo Santander • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Guadalajara. • 1746 Spanish settlement begins. • 1748 Province of Nuevo Santander created. • 1777–1793 Part of Provincias Internas. • 1812–1822 Part of Provincias Internas. • 1822 Part of independent Mexico as Tamaulipas. Governors of Nuevo Santander • 31 May 1748 – 8 April 1767 José de Escandón y Helguera • 8 April 1767 – 20 January 1768 Juan Fernando de Palacio • 20 January 1768 – 18 September 1769 José Rubio • 18 September 1769 – 12 August 1777 Vicente González Santianés • August 1777 – 19 February 1779 Francisco de Echegaray • 19 February 1779 – 17 April 1779 Vacant • 17 April 1779 – 21 November 1779 Manuel Medina • 21 November 1779 – 17 February 1780 Vacant • 17 February 1780 – 17 March 1781 Manuel Ignacio de Escandón (First time) • 17 March 1781 – 20 February 1786 Diego Lazaga • 20 February 1786 – 23 December 1788 Juan Miguel Zozaya (First time) • 23 December 1788 – 18 June 1789 Melchor Vidal de Lorca • 20 June 1789 – 10 September 1789 Juan Miguel Zozaya (Second time) • 10 September 1789 – 10 July 1790 Manuel Muñoz • 10 July 1790 – 21 May 1800 Manuel Ignacio de Escandón (Second time) • 21 May 1800 – January 1802 José Blanco • January 1802 – 18 April 1804 Francisco de Ixart • 18 April 1804 – 18 September 1804 Pedro de Alba • 18 September 1804 – 15 April 1811 Manuel de Iturbe y Iraeta • 15 April 1811 – 1 May 1819 Joaquín de Arredondo • September 1819 – September 1819 Juan Fermín de Janicotena (acting) • 1 May 1819 – 7 July 1821 José María Echeagaray • 7 July 1821 – 22 September 1822 Felipe de la Garza Cisneros ===New Kingdom of León (Nuevo León)=== • Under the jurisdiction of Audiencia of Guadalajara. • 1582 Nuevo Reino de León established. • 1777–1793 Part of the Provincias Internas. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Kingdom transformed into State of Nuevo León. Governors of Nuevo León • 1698–1703 Juan Francisco de Vergara y Mendoza • 1703–1705 Francisco Báez Treviño (First time) (interim) • 1705–1707 Gregorio de Salinas Verona • 1707–1708 Cipriano García de Pruneda • 1708–1710 Luis García de Pruneda (interim) • 1710–1714 Francisco Mier y Torre • 1714–1718 Francisco Báez Treviño (Second time) (interim) • 1718–1719 Juan Ignacio Flores Mogollón • 1719–1723 Francisco de Bardadillo y Vittoria • 1723–1725 Juan José de Arriaga y Brambila • 1725–1730 Pedro de Saravia Cortés • 1730–1731 Bernardino de Meneses Monroy y Mendonza Bracamonte, conde de Peñalba • 1731–1740 José Antonio Fernández de Jáuregui y Urrita • 1740–1746 Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella (First time) • 1746–1752 Vicente Bueno de la Borbolla • 1752–1757 Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella (Second time) • 1757–1759 Domingo Miguel Guajardo (interim) • 1759–1762 Juan Manuel Muñoz de Villavicencio • 1762–1764 Carlos de Velasco • 1764–1772 Ignacio Ussel y Guimbarda • 1772–1773 Francisco de Echegaray • 1773–1781 Melchor Vidal de Lorca y Villena • 1781–1785 Vicente González de Santianes • 1785–1795 Joaquín de Mier y Noriega • 1795–1805 Simón de Herrera y Leyva • 1805–1810 Pedro de Herrera y Leyva • 1810–1811 Manuel de Santa Maria • 1813 Ramón Díaz Bustamante • 1812–1817 The Alcaldes of Monterrey • 1817–1818 Bernardo Villareal • 1818–1821 Francisco Bruno Barrea ==Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas==

• All Provincias Internas were under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Guadalajara with oversight by the Viceroy before the creation of the Commandancy General. • 1777 Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas created with autonomy from the Viceroy. • 1788–1793 Divided into Eastern Provinces (Coahuila, Texas, Nuevo León, Nuevo Santander) and Western Provinces (Sonora, Nueva Vizcaya, Nuevo México, Las Californias). • 1793 Nuevo León and Nuevo Santander removed from the Provincias Internas. • 1812 Nuevo Santander part of the Provincias Internas. • 1813–1821 Re-divided into Eastern and Western Commandancies General. Commandants General • 1777–1783 Teodoro Francisco de Croix, conde de Croix • 1783–1784 Felipe de Neve • 1784–1786 José Antonio Rengel de Alcaraz y Páez • 1786–1788 Jacobo Ugarte y Loyola • 1792 interim Josef de la Barcena y Manzano • 1793–1802 Pedro de Nava • 1802–1813 Nemesio Salcedo y Salcedo ==Eastern Provinces (Oriente)==

Commandants General of the Eastern Provinces • 1788–1791 Juan de Uglade • 1791–1793 Ramón de Castro y Gutierrez • 1813 Simón Herrera y Leyva • 1813–1817 Joaquín de Arredondo y Mioño Pelegrin y Bustamante Province of Nueva Extremadura • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Guadalajara. • 1575 Part of Nueva Vizcaya. • 23 January 1691 Province of Coahuila and Texas. • 1716 Coahuila a separate province. • 1777–1822 Part of the Provincias Internas. • 1822 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Province transformed into State of Coahuila y Texas. Governors of Nueva Extremadura • 1698–1703 Francisco Cuervo y Valdés • 1703–1705 Matías de Aguirre • 1705–1708 Martín de Alarcón • 1708–1714 Simón de Padilla y Córdova • 1714 Pedro Fermín de Echever y Subiza • 1714–1716 Juan de Valdes • 1716–1717 José Antonio de Eca y Múzquiz • 1717–1719 Martín de Alarcón • 1719–1722 José Azlo y Virto de Vera, marqués de San Miguel de Aguayo • 1722–1729 Blas de la Garza Falcón (First time) • 1729–1733 Manuel de Sandoval • 1733–1735 Blas de la Garza Falcón (Second time) • 1735–1739 Clemente de la Garza Falcón • 1739–1744 Juan García Pruneda • 1744–1754 Pedro de Rábago y Terán • 1754–1756 Manuel Antonio Bustillos y Ceballos • 1756–1757 Miguel de Sesman y Escudero • 1757–1759 Ángel Martos y Navarrette • 1759–1762 Jacinto de Barríos y Jáguregui (First time) • 1762–1764 Lorenzo Cancio Sierra y Cienfuegos • 1764–1765 Diego Ortiz Parrilla • 1765–1768 Jacinto de Barríos y Jáguregui (Second time) • 1768–1769 José Costilla y Terán • 1769–1777 Jacobo de Ugarte y Loyola • 1777–1783 Juan de Ugalde • 1783–1788 Pedro Fueros • 1788–1790 Juan Gutiérrez de la Cueva (First time) • 1790–1795 Miguel Jose de Emparán • 1795–1797 Juan Gutiérrez de la Cueva (Second time) • 1797–1805 Antonio Cordero y Bustamante (First time) • 1805–1809 José Joaquín de Ugarte • 1809–1817 Antonio Cordero y Bustamante (Second time) • 1817–1818 Antonio García de Tejada • 1818–1819 José Franco • 1819–1820 Manuel Pardo • 1820–1822 Antonio Elosúa ===Province of Texas (1698–1822) - also called Province of New Philippines=== • 1682 Ruled as part of Coahuila; under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Guadalajara. • February 1685 – January 1689 French establish Fort Saint Louis at Matagorda Bay. • 1691 Province of Coahuila y Texas created. • c.1726 Coahuila and Texas separated. • 1822 Province of Mexico. • 14 October 1824 Transformed into State of Coahuila y Texas. • 15 November 1835 Texas ruled by Provisional Government. • 2 March 1836 Independent Republic of Texas established. Province of Nuevo México (1598–1822) • 1595 Santa Fe de Nuevo México conquered and established. • 1822 Part of independent Mexico. • 14 October 1824 Territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México created. ==Western Provinces (Poniente)==

Commandants General of the Western Provinces • 1788–1790 Jacobo Ugarte y Loyola • 1790–1793 Pedro de Nava • 1813–1817 Bernardo Bonavia y Zapata • 1817–1821 Alejo García Conde ===Province of New Navarre=== • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Guadalajara • 1732 Province of New Navarre (formerly part of Nueva Vizcaya) created. • 1777–1821 Part of the Provincias Internas. • 1787 Intendencia of Sonora created. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Sonora y Sinaloa transformed into a State. Governors of New Navarre • 1734–1741 Manuel Bernal de Huidobro • 1741–1748 Augustín de Vildósola • 1748–1749 José Rafael Rodriguez Gallardo • 1749–1753 Diego Ortiz Parilla • 1753–1755 Pablo de Arce y Arroyo • 1755–1760 Juan Antonio de Mendoza • 1760–1762 José Tiendra de Cuervo • 1763–1770 • 1770–1772 Pedro de Corbalán (First time) • 1772–1773 Mateo Sastré • 1773–1777 Francisco Antonio Crespo • 1777–1787 Pedro de Corbalán (Second time) Governor-Intendants of New Navarre • 1787–1789 Pedro Garrido y Durán • 1789–1790 Augustín de la Cuenta y Zayas • 1790–1793 Enrique Gimarest • 1793–1796 Alonso Tresierra y Cano • 1796–1813 Alejo García Conde • 1813–1817 Manuel Antonio Cordero y Bustamante (First time) • 1818 Ignacio de Bustamante (First time) • 1818 Manuel Fernández Rojo • 1818–1819 Ignacio de Bustamante (Second time) • 1819 Juan José Lombrán • 1819–1821 Manuel Antonio Cordero y Bustamante (Second time) Province of Nueva Vizcaya • Under the jurisdiction of the Audiencia of Guadalajara. • 1562 Province of Nueva Vizcaya established. • 1777–1821 Part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas. • 1786 Intendencia of Durango established. • 1821 Province part of independent Mexico • 1824 Nueva Vizcaya transformed into the states of Durango and Chihuahua. Governors of Nueva Vizcaya • 1562–1575 Francisco de Ibarra • 1575–1576 Miguel Lopez de Ibarra • 1576–1589 Diego de Ibarray Perez de Marqueagui • 1589–1603 Rodrigo Rio de Losa y Rodriguez Gordujuela • 1595–1598 • 1603–1612 Francisco de Urdiňola • 1612–1624 Gaspar de Alvear • 1624-1629 Mateo de Vega • 1629–1631 Hipolito de Velasco • 1631–1633 Luis de Velasco • 1633–1638 Luis Monsalve y Saavedra • 1638–1640 Francisco Bravo de la Serna • 1640–1640 Luis de Valdes y Rejano • 1640–1642 Fernando Suoza de Suarea • 1642–1648 Luis de Valdes • 1648–1654 Diego Guajardo Fajardo • 1654–1660 Enrique Davila y Pacheco • 1660–1666 Francisco Gorraez y Beaumont • 1666–1671 Antonio Oca y Sarmiento • 1671–1673 Jose Garcia Salcedo • 1674–1676 Martin Rebollar y Cuevas • 1676–1680 Lope de Sierra y Osorio • 1680–1683 Bartolome Estrada de Valdez y Ramirez Jove • 1683-1687 Gabriel de Neira y Quiroga • 1687-1697 San Miguel de Aguayo • 1688–1693 Juan Isidro de Pardiňas Villar de Francos • 1693–1698 Gabriel del Castillo • 1698–1703 Juan Bautista de Larrea Palomino y Solís • 1703–1708 Juan Fernández de Córdoba • 1708–1714 Antonio de Deza y Ulloa • 1714–1720 Juan Manuel de San Juan y Santa Cruz • 1720–1723 Martín de Alday • 1723–1727 José Sebastián López de Carvajal • 1728–1733 Ignacio Francisco de Barrutia y Aeta Esenagucia • 1733–1738 Juan José Vértiz y Ontañón • 1738–1743 Juan Bautista de Belaunzarán y Zumeta • 1743–1748 José Enrique de Cosío, marqués de Torre Campo • 1748–1753 Jaun Francico de la Puerta y de la Barrera • 1753–1761 Mateo Antonio de Mendoza Díaz de Arce • 1761–1769 José Carlos de Agüero y González de Agüero • 1769–1776 José de Fayni y Gálvez • 1776–1784 Felipe de Barri • 1784–1785 Juan Velázquez • 1785–1785 Manuel Muñoz • 1785–1786 Manuel Flon y Tejada, conde de la Cadena Governor-Intendants of Reino de la Nueva Vizcaya (Durango) • 1786–1791 Felipe Díaz de Ortega Bustillo • 1791–1793 Francisco Antonio de Potau y de Colón de Portugal • 1793–1796 Francisco José de Urrutia Montoya • 1796–1813 Bernardo Bonavia y Zapata • 1813–1817 Alejo Garcia Conde • 1817–1818 Angel Pinilla y Pérez • 1818–1819 Antonio Cordero y Bustamante • 1819–1821 Diego García Conde Province of Las Californias • 28 September 1542 – First European landing by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo. • 4 November 1595 – Sebastián Rodríguez Cermeño claims the coast for Spain. • 1697 – First Mission erected in Baja California. • 1768 – Spanish settlement begins. • 1769 – First Mission and Presidio erected in 'upper' California. • 3 June 1770 – Province of Las Californias established. • 1804 – Provinces of Alta California and Baja California created. • 11 April 1822 – Both provinces part of independent Mexican Empire as the Territories of Baja and Alta California. Governors of Las Californias • 1768 – 9 July 1770 Gaspar de Portolá (1723–1786) • March 1770 – 4 March 1775 Felipe de Barri (?-1784 – civil Governor in Loreto) • 9 July 1770 – 23 March 1774 Pedro Fages (1730–1796?) • 23 March 1774 – 3 February 1777 Fernando José Rivera y Moncada (1724–1781) • 3 February 1777 – 7 September 1782 Felipe de Neve (1728–1784) • 7 September 1782 – 17 April 1791 Pedro Fages (s.a.) • 17 April 1791 – 9 April 1792 José Antonio de Roméu, conde de Rivera Gigado (1842–1792) • 9 April 1792 – November 1794 José Joaquín de Arrillaga (First time) (1750–1814) (acting) • November 1794 – 16 January 1800 Diego de Borica (1742–1800) • 16 January 1800 – 11 March 1802 Pedro de Alberni (acting) (1747–1802) • 11 March 1802 – 1804 José Joaquín de Arrillaga (Second time) (s.a.) • See List of pre-statehood governors of California for Governors of Alta California (Spanish: 1804–1822, Mexican: 1822–1847) ==Provinces of the Kingdom of Guatemala==

• Under the judicial jurisdiction of the Real Audiencia of Guatemala and the administrative supervision of its President-Captain General with great autonomy from the Viceroy of New Spain. Province of Guatemala • Directly administered by the President-Captain General of the Real Audiencia of Guatemala. Province of Chiapas • 1529 Province of Chiapas established. • 1576 Alcaldía Mayor of Ciudad Real de Chiapa • 1769 Divided into Alcaldía Mayor of Ciudad Real and Alcaldía Mayor of Tuxtla • 20 September 1786 Intendencia of Ciudad Real de Chiapas created. • 1821 Part of independent Mexico. • 1824 Province transformed into State of Chiapas, with the exception of Soconusco. Lieutenant Governors of Chiapas • 1528–1529 Diego de Mazariegos • 1529–1531 Juan Enríquez de Guzmán • 1531 Diego de Olguín • 1532–1535 Francisco Ortés de Velasco (First time) • 1535–1537 García de Padilla • 1537–1540 Baltazar Guerra de la Vega • 1540 Gonzalo de Ovalle (First time) • 1540 García de Mendano (First time) • 1540–1542 Francisco de Montejo • 1542–1544 García de Mendano (Second time) • 1544 Antonio de Saz y de la Torre • 1545 Luis de Torres Medinilla • 1545 Francisco Ortés de Velasco (Second time) • 1545 Gonzalo de Ovalle (Second time) • 1545–1553 The Alcaldes of Ciudad Real de Chiapa • 1553–1556 Antonio Alfonso Mazariegos • 1556–1570 Francisco Ortés de Velasco (Third time) • 1570 Francisco del Valle Marroquín • 1570–1576 Juan de Meza Alcaldes Mayores of Ciudad Real de Chiapa • 1577–1581 Juan de Meza • 1582–1586 Gaspar de Padilla • 1586–1593 Pedro Martínez (First time) • 1593 Martín Núñez • 1594–1595 Pedro Martínez (Second time) • 1596–1598 Alonso Bernaldez de Quiroz • 1599 Baltazar Muriel de Valdivieso (First time) • 1600 Bernardo Quiroz y Aguilera • 1601–1610 Baltazar Muriel de Valdivieso (Second time) • 1610–1616 Gabriel de Loarte y Ovalle • 1617 Pedro Urbina de Cervera • 1617–1620 Agustín García de Albornoz Legaspi • 1620 Gabriel de Orellana • 1621–1627 Gabriel de Ugarte y Ayala • 1627 Baltazar Caso • 1628–1633 Juan Ruiz de Contreras (First time) • 1633 José Sánchez Serrano • 1634 Juan Ruiz de Contreras (Second time) • 1634–1638 Francisco de Ávila y Lugo (First time) • 1638 Diego Carrillo • 1639 Francisco de Ávila y Lugo (Second time) • 1639–1646 Diego de Vera Ordóñez de Villa Quirán • 1646–1650 Melchor Sardo de Céspedes • 1650 Pedro Lara de Mongrovejo (First time) • 1650–1656 Alonso Vargas Zapata y Luján • 1656–1660 Baltazar Caso Ponce de León (First time) • 1660 Pedro López Ramales • 1661 Baltazar Caso Ponce de León (Second time) • 1662–1666 Fernando Álvarez de Aguiar • 1666 Pedro de Zavaleta • 1667 Pedro Lara de Mongrovejo (Second time) • 1667–1670 Agustín Sáenz Vázquez • 1670 Andrés de Ochoa Zárate • 1671–1682 Juan Bautista González del Álamo • 1682 José de Oruéta • 1683–1685 Martínez de Urdaniz • 1685–1693 Manuel de Mayesterra y Atocha • 1693–1695 Francisco Vadillo (First time) • 1695 Melchor de Mencos • 1696–1697 Francisco Vadillo (Second time) • 1698 Francisco Astudillo Sardo • 1698–1708 Martín González de Vergara y Pardo • 1708 Gaspar de Sierra • 1709 Manuel de Bustamante (First time) • 1709 Francisco Ballesteros • 1710–1712 Pedro Gutiérrez de Mier y Terán • 1712 Fernando del Monge (First time) • 1712–1714 Melchor Sardo de Céspedes • 1714–1719 Manuel de Bustamante (Second time) • 1720 Carlos Vélez y Arriaga • 1720 José Damián Fernández de Córdoba • 1721–1724 José Damián Cruz de Córdob • 1725–1728 Martín José de Bustamante • 1728–1730 Antonio Varela y Moreno • 1730 Gabriel Francisco Laguna • 1731 Fernando del Monge (Second time) • 1732–1737 Pedro José Caballero • 1734 Antonio de la Unquera y Cevallos • 1735–1736 Gabriel Francisco Laguna • 1737 Miguel Fernández Romero • 1737 Baltazar González de Vega • 1738–1743 Antonio Zuazua y Mújica • 1744–1746 Juan Bautista Garracín • 1746–1751 Francisco Ángel de Elías • 1752 Juan José Bocanegra • 1753–1754 José Ángel Toledo • 1755–1758 Manuel Ortiz • 1758 Miguel Ignacio Viurrum • 1759–1760 Antonio de Obeso • 1761–1765 Joaquín Fernández Prieto Isla y Bustamante • 1765–1767 Tomás de Murga • 1767–1768 Fernando Gómez de Andrade Alcaldes Mayores of Ciudad Real • 1770–1772 Esteban Gutiérrez de la Torre • 1772–1785 Cristóbal Ortiz de Avilés • 1785 Ignacio Coronado • 1786 Antonio Gutiérrez de Arce • 1786 Alonso de Vargas Alcaldes Mayores of Tuxtla • 1769–1777 Juan de Oliver • 1778–1783 Luis de Engrava y Ovalle • 1783–1786 Miguel del Pino y Martínez Governor-Intendants of Chiapas • 1786–1789 Francisco Saavedra Carbajal • 1789–1794 Agustín de las Cuentas y Zayas • 1794 Francisco Durán • 1794 Luis Martínez • 1795 Tomás Mollinedo • 1796–1802 Antonio Norberto Serrano Polo • 1802–1807 Manuel de Olazábal • 1807 Mariano Valero • 1807–1809 Tomás de Mollinedo y Villavicencio • 1809 Manuel Junquito y Baquerizo (First time) • 1810 Manuel Ramírez • 1811–1814 Manuel Junquito y Baquerizo (Second time) • 1814 Juan Nepomuceno Batres • 1814 Antonio Gutiérrez de Arce • 1815 Gregorio Suasnávar • 1816 Juan Antonio López • 1817–1818 Juan María de Ancheita • 1819 Carlos Castañón • 1819–1821 Juan Nepomuceno Batres Province of Nicaragua • 1502 Coast of Nicaragua discovered by Christopher Columbus. • 1522 First settlements established. • 1522–1538 Subordinated to Audiencia of Santo Domingo; ruled by governors. • 1524 León founded. • 1538–1544 Subordinated to the Real Audiencia of Panama. • 1544 Part of the Kingdom of Guatemala. • 1552 Governorship demoted to Alcaldía Mayor. • 1566 Governorship reestablished. • 1661 – 12 September 1861 British Protectorate over the tribal Mosquito Coast. • 21 August 1685 – 14 September 1685 León captured by pirates under William Dampier. • 23 December 1786 Intendencia of León (including Costa Rica) created. • 15 September 1821 Declaration of independence from Spain of the Kingdom of Guatemala as part of Mexican Independence (Acta de Nublados). • 28 September 1821 León, while awaiting developments with regard to Spain, proclaims its secession from the Kingdom of Guatemala. • 4 October 1821 Granada reaffirms its being part of the Kingdom of Guatemala. • 12 October 1821 Part of First Mexican Empire. • 17 April 1823 León declares itself an "orphan" and thus sovereign. • 1 July 1823 The Federal Republic of Central America proclaims independence from Mexico and invites those provinces that had left the Kingdom of Guatemala to join. • 2 July 1823 León accedes to invitation; incorporation into Central America. • 4 January 1825 León surrenders to the authority of Manuel Arzú, commissioned by the federal government. • 30 April 1838 Separation from the Federation sanctioned; promulgated 2 May 1838. • 28 February 1854 Republic of Nicaragua reestablished. Governors of Nicaragua • 1522–1524 Gil González Dávila • 1524–1526 Francisco Hernández de Córdoba • 1526–1531 Pedro Arias de Ávila • 1531–1535 Francisco de Castañeda • 1536–1544 Rodrigo de Contreras • 1544 Diego de Herrera • 1544–1552 Administered directly by the Audiencia of Guatemala. Alcaldes Mayores of Nicaragua • 1552–1553 Alonso Ortiz de Elgueta • 1553 Nicolás López de Urraga (First time) • 1553–1555 Juan de Cavallón • 1555 Juan Márquez • 1555–1556 Álvaro de Paz • 1556–1557 Nicolás López de Urraga (Second time) • 1558 Andrés López Moraga • 1558–1560 Francisco de Mendoza • 1561–1564 Juan Vásquez de Coronado • 1564–1566 Hernando Bermejo Governors of Nicaragua • 1566–1575 Alonso de Casaos • 1575–1576 Francisco del Valle Marroquín • 1576–1583 Diego de Artieda y Chirino • 1583–1589 Hernando de Gasco • 1589–1592 Carlos de Arellano • 1592–1599 Bartolomé de Lences • 1599–1603 Bernardino de Obando • 1603–1622 Alonso Lara de Córdoba • 1622 Cristóbal de Villagrán • 1622–1623 Alonso Lazo • 1623–1625 Santiago de Figueroa • 1625–1627 Lázaro de Albizúa • 1627–1630 Juan de Agüero • 1630–1634 Francisco de Asagra y Vargas • 1634–1641 Pedro de Velasco • 1641–1660 Juan de Bracamonte • 1660–1665 Diego de Castro • 1665–1669 Juan Salinas y Cerda • 1669–1673 Antonio Temiño Dávila • 1673–1681 Pablo de Loyola • 1681 Antonio Coello • 1681–1689 Pedro Álvarez Castrillón • 1689–1693 Gabriel Rodríguez Bravo de Hoyos • 1693–1699 Pedro Gerónimo Luis de Comenares y Camargo • 1699 – 22 October 1705 Miguel de Camargo • 22 October 1705 – 21 August 1721 Sebastián de Arancibia y Sasi • 1722–1724 Antonio Póveda y Rivadineira (First time) (died 1727) • 1724–1727 Tomás Marcos, duque de Estrada (First time) • 26 January 1727 – 7 July 1727 Antonio Póveda y Rivadineira (Second time) (s.a.) • 26 August 1727 – 1728 Pedro Martínez de Uparrio • August 1728 – 1730 Tomás Marcos, duque de Estrada (Second time) • 1730–1736 Bartolomé González Fitoria • 1736–1740 Antonio Ortiz • 21 November 1740 – 1745 José Antonio Lacayo de Briones • 1745 Francisco Antonio de Cáceres Molinedo • 23 August 1745 – December 1746 Juan de Vera • December 1746 – 1753 Alonso Fernández de Heredia • 1753–1756 José González Rancaño • 1756–1759 Melchor Vidal de Lorca y Villena (First time) • 1759–1765 Pantaleón Ibáñez Cuevas • 1765–1766 Melchor Vidal de Lorca y Villena (Second time) • 1766–1776 Domingo Cabello y Robles • 1777–1782 Manuel de Quiroga • 1779–1783 José de Estachería • 1783 – 23 December 1786 Juan de Ayza y Blancazo Allue y Palacín Governors-Intendants of León (Nicaragua) • 23 December 1786 – 1789 Juan de Ayza y Blancazo Allue y Palacín • 1789–1793 José Mateu y Aranda • 1793 – 13 December 1811 José de Salvador • 13 December 1811 – 1814 Nicolás García Jerez (14 December 1814 – 1817 also President of the Governing Junta) • 1814–1816 Juan Bautista Gual • 1816–1818 Manuel de Beltranena • 1818–April 1823 Miguel González Saravia Superior Political Chief and Intendant of León • Office of Superior Political Chief (Jefe Político Superior) created by Spanish Constitution of 1812. • 15 September 1821 – 12 October 1821 Miguel González de Saravia y Colarte, President of the Provisional Governing Junta • 17 April 1823 – 4 January 1825 Provisional Governing Junta, members: : Pedro Solís Terán (Primer Vocal) : José del Carmen Salazar Lacayo : Francisco Quiñónez : Domingo Nicolás Galarza y Briceño de Coca : Basilio Carrillo : José Valentín Fernández Gallegos (alternate) : Juan Modesto Hernández (alternate) Province of Costa Rica • 1502 Claimed for Spain. • 1540 Province of Nuevo Cartago y Costa Rica created, part of the Kingdom of Guatemala. • 1565 Province of Costa Rica created. • 23 December 1786 Gobierno ('government') of Costa Rica established within Intendencia of León (see Nicaragua). • 12 November 1821 Independence (Province of Costa Rica) • 4 March 1824 – 15 November 1838 Constituent state of the Federal Republic of Central America. • 8 September 1824 Free State of Costa Rica. • 7 March 1847 State of Costa Rica. • 31 August 1848 Republic of Costa Rica. Governors of Costa Rica • 1568–1573 Parafán de Ribera • 1574–1577 Alonso de Anguciana y Gamboa • 1577–1590 Diego de Artieda y Chirino • 1590–1591 Juan Valásquez Ramiro • 1591–1592 Bartolomé de Lences • 1592–1595 Gonzalo de lam Palma • 1595–1599 Fernando de la Cueva • 1600–1604 • 1604–1613 Juan de Ocón y Trillo • 1613–1619 Juan de Mendoza y Medrano • 1619–1624 Alonso del Castillo y Guzmán • 1624–1630 Juan de Echáuz • 1630–1634 Juan de Villalta • 1634–1636 Juan de Agüero • 1636–1644 Gregorio de Sandoval y González de Alcalá • 1644–1650 Juan de Cháves y Mendoza • 1650–1655 Juan Fernández de Salinas y de la Cerda • 1655–1661 Andrés Arias Maldonaldo y Mendoza • 1662–1664 Rodrigo Arias Maldonaldo • 1664–1665 Juan de Obregón • 1664–1674 Juan López de la Flor • 1675–1681 Juan Francisco Sáenz Vázquez y Sendín • 1681–1693 Miguel Gómez de Lara • 1693–1698 Manuel de Bustamante y Vivero • 1698–1704 Francisco Serrano de Reina y Lizarde • 1704–1707 Diego de Herrera y Campuzano • 1707–1712 Lorenzo Antonio de Granada y Balbín • 1713–1717 José Antonio Lacayo de Briones y Palacios • 1717–1718 Pedro Ruíz de Bustamante • 1718–1726 Diego de la Haya y Fernández • 1727–1736 Baltasar Francisco de Valderrama y Haro • 1736 Antonio Vázquez de la Quadra • 1736–1739 Francisco Antonio de Carrandi y Menán • 1739–1740 Francisco de Olaechea • 2 June 1740 – 5 November 1747 Juan Gemmir y Lleonart (died 1747) • 22 November 1747 – 14 March 1750 Luis Díez Navarro (interim to 22 January 1748) • 1750–1754 Cristóbal Ignacio de Soría • 1754 – 2 July 1756 Francisco Fernández de la Pástora (died 1756) • 12 August 1756 – 24 October 1757 José Antonio de Oreamuno y Vázquez Melendez (First time) (interim) • 24 October 1757 – 18 September 1758 José Gonzalez Rancaño (interim) • 18 September 1758 – 1761 Manuel Soler (died 1763) (abandoned office 1760) • 1761 Francisco Javier de Oreamuno y Vázquez Melendez (interim) • 1761 Pedro Manuel de Ayerdi (interim) • 1761–1764 José Antonio de Oreamuno y Vázquez Melendez (Second time) (interim) • 1764–1773 José Joaquín de Nava y Cabezudo (acting to 3 April 1764) • 1773–1778 Juan Fernández de Bobadilla (First time) (died 1781) • 25 June 1778 – 23 July 1780 José Perié y Barros (First time) (died 1789) • 23 July 1780 – 28 January 1781 Juan Fernández de Bobadilla (Second time) (interim) • 28 January 1781 – 1781 Francisco Carzo (interim) • 11 April 1781 – 1785 Juan Flores (interim) • 31 January 1785 – 7 January 1789 José Perié y Barros (Second time) (s.a.) • 7 January 1789 – 1789 José Antonio de Oriamuno (acting) • 1789–1790 Juan Esteban Martínez de Pinillos (interim) • 7 November 1790 – 1797 José Vázquez y Téllez • 3 April 1797 – 4 December 1810 Tomás de Acosta y Hurtado de Mendoza (died 1821) • 4 December 1810 – 10 June 1819 Juan de Dios de Ayala y Gudiño (died 1819) (military governor from 3 July 1810) • 10 June 1819 – 11 October 1821 Juan Manuel de Cañas y Trujillo (interim) ==Provinces under the Real Audiencia of Manila==

• Spanish East Indies were under the judicial jurisdiction of the Real Audiencia of Manila and the administrative supervision of the Governor General-Captain General with great autonomy from the Viceroy of New Spain. • See Governor-General of the Philippines for list. ==Sources and references==

• WorldStatesmen – see each present country • Marquez Terrazas, Zacarias. Memorias del Papigochic. Liberia Kosmos. 2005 ==See also==