Software sizing is different from
software effort estimation. Sizing estimates the probable size of a piece of software while effort estimation predicts the effort needed to build it. The relationship between the size of software and the effort required to produce it is called
productivity. For example, if a software engineer has built a small web-based calculator application, we can say that the project effort was 280 man-hours. However, this does not give any information about the size of the
software product itself. Conversely, we can say that the application size is 5,000 LOCs (Lines Of Code), or 30 FPs (Function Points) without identifying the project effort required to produce it.
Functional software-sizing methods Historically, the most common software sizing methodology has been counting the
lines of code written in the application source. Another approach is to do Functional Size Measurement, to express the functionality size as a number by performing
function point analysis. The original sizing method is the
IFPUG. The IFPUG FPA functional sizing method (FSM) has been used successfully despite being less accurate in estimating complex algorithms and being relatively more difficult to use than estimating lines of code. Adaptations of the original Functional Size Measurement methodology have emerged, and these standards are:
COSMIC Function Points,
Mk II Function Points, Nesma Function Points, and FiSMA Function Points. Other variants of these standards include
Object-Oriented Function Points (OOFP) and newer variants as
Weighted Micro Function Points, which factor algorithmic and
control-flow complexity. The best Functional Sizing Method depends on a number of factors, including the functional domain of the applications, the process maturity of the developing organization and the extent of use of the FSM Method. There are many uses and benefits of function points beyond measuring project productivity and estimating planned projects, these include monitoring project progress and evaluating the requirements coverage of
commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) packages. Other software sizing methods include
Use Case-based software sizing, which relies on counting the number and characteristics of use cases found in a piece of software, and
COSMIC functional size measurement, which addresses sizing software that has a very limited amount of stored data such as 'process control' and 'real time' systems. Both the
IFPUG Method and the
COSMIC Methods are ISO/IEC standards.
Non-functional software-sizing method The IFPUG method to size the
non-functional aspects of a software or component is called SNAP, therefore the non-functional size is measured by
SNAP Points. The SNAP model consists of four categories and fourteen sub-categories to measure the non-functional requirements. Non-functional requirement are mapped to the relevant sub-categories. Each sub-category is sized, and the size of a requirement is the sum of the sizes of its sub-categories. The SNAP sizing process is very similar to the function point sizing process. Within the application boundary, non-functional requirements are associated with relevant categories and their sub-categories. Using a standardized set of basic criteria, each of the sub-categories is then sized according to its type and complexity; the size of such a requirement is the sum of the sizes of its sub-categories. These sizes are then totaled to give the measure of non-functional size of the software application.
Additional information Several
software quality standards mandate the use of a valid sizing method as part of the organization's standard
software engineering life cycle. For instance,
Capability Maturity Model Integration (
CMMI) poses such a requirement. An organization cannot be appraised (certified) as CMMI level 2 or level 3 unless software sizing is adequately used. ==See also==