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Counts of Tusculum

The counts of Tusculum or Tuscolo, also known as the Theophylacti, were a family of secular noblemen from Latium that maintained a powerful position in Rome between the 10th and 12th centuries. Several popes and antipopes during the 11th century came from their ranks. They created and perfected the political formula of noble-papacy, wherein the pope was arranged to be elected only from the ranks of the Roman nobles. The Pornocracy, the period of influence by powerful female courtesans of the family, also influenced papal history.

Counts and their titles
This list is partially incomplete in the tenth century and the chronology and dates of the various countships are often uncertain. They were only counts from about 1013, lords before. • before 924 Theophylact I • until 924 Alberic I, (Consul) son-in-law of Theophylact I • 924–954 Alberic II, son of Alberic I • before 1013 Gregory I, (Excellentissimus vir – Praefectus navalis) son of Alberic II • until 1012 Theophylact II, son of Gregory I • 1012–1024 Romanus, (Consul et dux, senator) brother of Theophylact II and son of Gregory I • 1024–1032 Alberic III, (Imperialis palatii magister Consul et dux – Comes sacri palatii Lateranensis) brother of Theophylact II and Romanus • 1032–1045 Theophylact III son of Alberic III • 1044–1058 Gregory II, (Consul, nobilis vir, senator Comes Tusculanensis) son of Alberic III • 1058 – c. 1108 Gregory III, (Comes Tusculanensis Consul, illustris) son of Gregory II • c. 1108 – 1126 Ptolemy I (Tolomeo I), (Consul, comes Tusculanus) son Gregory III • 1126–1153 Ptolemy II (Tolomeo II), (Illustrissimus, dominus Consul et dux) son of Ptolemy I • 1153 – c. 1167 Jonathan, (Comes de Tusculano) co-ruler with Raino son of Ptolemy II • 1153–1179 Raino, (Nobilis vir, dominus) brother of Jonathan, co-ruler with Jonathan ==Tusculan popes==
Tusculan popes
• John XI, son of Alberic I, pope 931–935 • John XII son of Alberic II, pope 955–964 • Benedict VII, nephew of Alberic II, pope 974–983 • Benedict VIII, son of Gregory I, pope 1012–1024 (also count) • John XIX, son of Gregory I, pope 1024–1032 (also count) • Benedict IX, son of Alberic III, pope 1032–1048 (also count) • Benedict X, antipope 1058–1059 ==Successors==
Successors
According to tradition, the successors of the Tusculum counts were the Colonna family, founded by Peter (1099–1151), son of Gregory III and called Peter "de Columna" from his fief of Colonna, east of Rome. ==References==
Source: Wikipedia ↗
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