In 1969 he was co-founder and the first resident in the Montefiore Residency Program in Social Medicine, where he worked in an OEO Neighborhood Health Center in the South Bronx in 1969, where he was Co-Founder and the first residen. Much later, he published his 1996 sabbatical book
Purchasing Population Health: Paying for Results, followed by several articles prima on the multiple and social determinants of health such as the 2003 AJPH “What Is Population Health?” ., the Milbank 2007 "Understanding Population Health Terminology", the 2006 JAMA "A Pay for Population Health Performance System" and the 2008 JAMA "A Population Health Framework for Setting National and State Health Goals". Between 2010 and 2012 he blogged weekly on population health topics at Improving Population Health: Ideas and Action. His article on worsening female mortality in US counties was one of the most read in
Health Affairs in 2103, and his 2014 article "Population Health Improvement: A Community Business Model That Engages Partners in All Sectors" received the ACHE 2014 Dean Conley Article of the Year award. His 2018 AJPH article with Jenna Nobles "Meeting the Institute of Medicine's 2030 US Life Expectancy Target" was the Editors Choice for 2018. His most recent focus on population health investment and equity policy, has been published in including 2015 PCD "From Health Determinant Benchmarks to Health Investment Benchmarks", 2018
Health Affairs with Bobby Milstein "A Balanced Investment Portfolio For Equitable Health And Well-Being Is An Imperative, And Within Reach", 2015
Milbank Quarterly "Can There Be Political Common Ground for Improving Population Health?", 2017
JAMA “Population Health Equity: Rate and Burden, Race and Class”, 2020
Milbank Quarterly "Using Uncommon Data to Promote Political Common Ground in Reducing Infant Mortality" and in 2018 “Considering Mean and Inequality Health Outcomes Together: the Population Health Performance Index”. He founded the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute, the home of the County Health Rankings.. From that Institute he was the Founding Director of the RWJF Roadmaps to Health Prize, now the Culture of Health Prize. H . In 2012 he founded and Co-Chaired with George Isham the ongoing IOM Roundtable on Population Health Improvement. == Leadership ==