Lister often fought as a kid, mostly due to a combination of being the "new kid", a foreigner, and being small for his age. The need to protect himself led Lister to
Wrestling and
Sambo. From 1997–2003, Lister worked as an instructor for Santos. Lister teaches both beginner and advanced students at Victory MMA in San Diego. The classes typically begin with Dean teaching submission grappling techniques from various grappling arts he's accumulated during the years, followed by sparring. He maintains that it is "the biggest and most challenging sport that exists". Lister was a
King of the Cage Middleweight Champion, and defended his title several times before losing to
Jeremy Horn in a Light Heavyweight fight.
KOTC stripped Dean of his title after the loss, even though it was at a higher weight class. Years later, Lister avenged this loss by submitting
Jeremy Horn with a
guillotine choke in the
TUF 7 finale. Lister lost a three-round unanimous decision to
Yushin Okami at
UFC 92 on December 27, 2008, dropping his UFC record to 4–2. He subsequently requested to be released from his UFC contract, and has since signed with the
Maximum Fighting Championship. Dean Lister and Renato Sobral fought to a draw at
Metamoris 3 in a submission wrestling match. In the co-main event of
Metamoris 4 on August 9, 2014, Lister faced
Josh Barnett to determine the inaugural Metamoris Heavyweight Champion. Barnett became the first person in sixteen years to defeat Lister via submission, submitting Lister with a
scarf hold in the final thirty seconds of the match.
ADCC Lister competed in the first ADCC North American trial in 2002, winning the under 99kg division. He was then invited to compete at
ADCC 2003 and won the absolute division at the tournament before returning in 2005 to become the Superfight champion, defeating
Jean Jacques Machado. He claimed the gold medal again in 2011 in the under 99 kg division by submitting João Assis in the final by a heel hook. He also submitted jiu-jitsu world champion
Rodolfo Vieira, in his weight division, also with a heel hook. At the 2013 ADCC in
Beijing, China, Lister defeated Cristiano Lazzarini in the semi-finals of the under 99 kg division by heel hook but would go on to lose on points in the finals to João Assis; In the absolute division Lister submitted both Hideki Sekine and João Gabriel Rocha by heel hook before losing to
Marcus Almeida in the semi-finals. Lister also lost to
Keenan Cornelius in the bronze medal match both on points. Lister is notable for an ADCC triple crown by winning his weight division, the absolute division and a superfight. In 2022, Lister earned the honor of being part of the inaugural class of the ADCC Hall of Fame and was the first American to be included. ==Coaching career==