The
Mahavamsa, an ancient chronicle written in the 5th century, and the
Dipavamsa of an earlier date, contain a mixture of legend and historical facts. These chronicles state that the
Buddha himself visited the village, and on the spot where he sat in meditation a cetiya was later erected (Mhv. Ch.i.78). The
Dipavamsa and the important Pali work, the
Samantha Pasaadika. (Ch i. v.89) also have allusions to Dighavapi. The chronicles also state that some of the early inhabitants of the region were
Yakkas, a group of people referred to even in the
Ramayana, with genealogical links to the pre-Aryan 'Kirat' people of Northern India. While the likelihood of the
Buddha having visited Dighavapi is remote, the attachment of such a legend to this site indicates the veneration given to it even in ancient times. In a pious legend connected with the Dighavapi cetiya (Dhajagga Paritta), it is said (in the Pali literary work
Saararthapakaasani) that once a samanera (a novice monk), helping to plaster the Dighavapi cetiya, fell from the top. His colleagues shouted to him to recall the Dhajagga Pirita. He did so, and was miraculously saved. There are many ancient inscriptions in the area. In 1986 a gold leaf inscription 14 cm by 1.5 cm had been unearthed. The inscription had been deposited inside a reliquary made of thick gold sheets. The text of the inscription was as follows: "Hail. The stupa (reliquary) of King Mahitisa (Kannittha Tissa) son of King Naka ... etc.". King Kannittha Tissa reigned from 164 to 192 CE. Other sites in this area have been discussed recently by the archeological researches of several workers including E. Medhananda More detailed historical and lithographic records are available for the history of this region as a part of the Ruhuna kingdom, during the time of King Kavan-Tissa, the father of
Dutugemunu. In fact, in the 3rd century before CE, the area was known as the district of "Dighamandala", or Digaamadulla" in Sinhala. Dutugamunu's brother, Tissa, governed it by the order of his father. Later, on the death of his father, he retired to Dighavapi with his mother and the elephant Kandula (Mhv.xxiv.2, 14f, 48). When he made peace with his brother, he was again sent there to look after the district and the Dighavapi region. After the re-conquest of the Pihiti rata (approximately today's Northern province), Tissa was again in charge of Dighavapi, for we find him being sent for from there at the time of Dutugamunu's death (Mhv.xxxii.2)). Tissa (afterwards called Saddhatissa) founded the main Dighavapi-vihara, in connection with which he built a cetiya, to which he made valuable offerings (Mhv.xxxiii.9, 14)). There are further historical allusion to Dighavapi in connection with the campaigns of king
Parakramabahu I, in the 12th century (Chv.lxxiv.89; 98, 110, 180; lxxv.1, 10)). ==Medieval Times, Dutch and Muslim Settlers==