(Diacetoxyiodo)benzene

This reagent was originally prepared by Conrad Willgerodt by reacting iodobenzene with a mixture of acetic acid and peracetic acid: : PIDA can also be prepared from iodosobenzene and glacial acetic acid: or potassium peroxydisulfate as the oxidizing agent: : The PIDA molecule is termed hypervalent as its iodine atom (technically a hypervalent iodine) is in its +3 oxidation state and has more than typical number of covalent bonds. It adopts a T-shaped molecular geometry, with the phenyl group occupying one of the three equatorial positions of a trigonal bipyramid (lone pairs occupy the other two) and the axial positions occupied by oxygen atoms from the acetate groups. The "T" is distorted in that the phenyl-C to I to acetate-O bond angles are less than 90°. A separate investigation of the crystal structure confirmed that it has orthorhombic crystals in space group Pnn2 and reported unit-cell dimensions in good agreement with the original paper. ==Unconventional reactions==

One use of PIDA is in the preparation of similar reagents by substitution of the acetate groups. For example, it can be used to prepare (bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo)benzene (phenyliodine(III) bis(trifluoroacetate), PIFA) by heating in trifluoroacetic acid: rather than the strongly basic conditions traditionally used. The Hofmann decarbonylation of an N-protected asparagine has been demonstrated with PIDA, providing a route to β-amino-L-alanine derivatives. PIDA is also used in Suárez oxidation, where photolysis of hydroxy compounds in the presence of PIDA and iodine generates cyclic ethers. This has been used in several total syntheses, such as the total synthesis of (−)-majucin, (−)-Jiadifenoxolane A, and cephanolide A. ==References==