Political usage One of the first initiatives associated with digital technologies and utopianism was the Chilean
Project Cybersyn. Project Cybersyn was an attempt of
cybernetic governance for implementation of
socialist planning under President
Salvador Allende. The book
Towards a New Socialism argues against the perception of digital socialism as a utopia. Digital socialism can be categorized as a
real utopian project.
Cyber socialism is a name used for the practise of
file sharing as a violation of
intellectual property rights and whose legalisation was not expected - a utopia. Cyber-utopianism serves as a base for
cyber-populism.
Electronic democracy as suggested and practised by
Pirate Parties is being seen to be an idea motivated by cyber-utopianism. In Italy, the
Five Star Movement extensively uses cyber-utopian rhetoric, promising
direct democracy and better environmental regulations through the
Web. In this case, they used the wonder or
digital sublime associated with
digital technologies to develop their political vision. in which the ultimate goal is to upload human consciousness to the internet.
Ray Kurzweil, especially in
The Age of Spiritual Machines, writes about a form of cyber-utopianism known as the Singularity; wherein, technological advancement will be so rapid that life will become experientially different, incomprehensible, and advanced.
Hospitality exchange services Hospitality exchange services (HospEx) are
social networking services where hosts offer
homestays for free. They are a
gift economy and are shaped by
altruism and are examples of cyber-utopianism. == Criticism ==