Dinogorgon

The type specimen of Dinogorgon rubidgei was discovered on Wellwood farm, a farm owned by the grandfather of Bruce Rubidge, Sidney H. Rubidge, outside of Graaff-Reinet. The fossil was recovered by Bruce's aunt Peggy Rubidge in 1934, and were only described by British paleontologist, Sidney H. Haughton, and James Kitching between 1953 and 1965. == Description ==

Dinogorgon was one of the largest species of Rubidgeinae, with the skull length of nearly , almost as large as Rubidgea had. It was a formidable predator, and likely preyed on reptiles and smaller therapsids. Like more derived rubidgeines, Dinogorgon had a number of bosses on its skull, likely to reduce the stresses caused by struggling prey. Its snout was deep but narrow, similar to Aelurognathus, but narrower than Rubidgea and Clelandina. It had 4 to 5 upper and lower postcanine teeth, which further distinguishes it from Rubidgea.{{Cite journal|last1=Martins|first1=Rui M. S.|last2=Fröbisch|first2=Jörg|last3=Polcyn|first3=Michael J.|last4=Fernandez|first4=Vincent|last5=Araujo|first5=Ricardo M.|date=2017-02-21|title=Aspects of gorgonopsian paleobiology and evolution: insights from the basicranium, occiput, osseous labyrinth, vasculature, and neuroanatomy|language=en|doi=10.7717/peerj.3119 == Classification ==

The Rubidgeinae are a subfamily of derived gorgonopsids that have only been found in Africa. They are composed of six genera and 17 species. The Rubidgeinae are closely related to their sister group, the Inostranceviinae, which have only been found in Russia. Out of the gorgonopsian clade, the systematics of the Rubidgeinae are the best resolved due to their distinctive character traits. The systematics of other gorgonopsian subfamilies remain chaotic due to a high degree of cranial homomorphism between taxa, making it difficult to distinguish different taxa effectively. Dinogorgon shares many characteristics with Rubidgea and Clelandina, which has led some authors to synonymize them. All three are now considered to be part of the same tribe, Rubidgeini, rather than the same genus. The cladogram below (Kammerer et al. 2016) displays currently accepted systematic relationships of the Gorgonopsia. }} == Palaeoenvironment ==

Numerous therapsid species, including rubidgenine gorgonopsids, are used as biostratigraphic markers in other African basins, such as the Upper Madumabisa Mudstone of Zambia, the Usili Formation of Tanzania, and the Chiweta Beds of Malawi. == References ==