The town is named for the surveyor George Dobson, the second son of
Edward Dobson and brother of
Arthur Dudley Dobson, who was murdered at this site in 1866. He was killed in a bungled robbery by the Burgess gang, who had mistaken him for a gold buyer carrying gold from the nearby Arnold
goldfield. A
monument now stands where George Dobson was murdered. Dobson was the site of one of the
West Coast's many
coal mines. The Dobson mine was opened in 1919, and closed in 1968. It was the site of one of the country's worst mining disasters. Nine men were killed in an explosion at the mine in 1926. A hydroelectric dam was proposed for the area by
TrustPower in 1999 but it failed to secure access to public land that needed to be flooded for the scheme. In 2003
Nick Smith, who was an Opposition MP at the time, attempted to remove the reserve status from the land needed for the dam reservoir in order to allow the scheme to go ahead, but was unsuccessful. ==Demographics==