MarketTrams in Zagreb
Company Profile

Trams in Zagreb

The Zagreb tram network, run by the Zagreb Electric Tram (ZET), consists of 15 day and 4 night lines in Zagreb, Croatia. Trams operate on 116.3 kilometres (72.3 mi) of metre gauge route. During the day, every line runs on average every 5–10 minutes, and almost every station serves at least two routes. Nighttime lines have exact timetables averaging at about every 40 minutes. The first horsecar tram line was opened in 1891, and the first electric one in 1910.

History
At the end of the 19th century, rapid urbanisation took place in Zagreb. As many European cities already had a tram network, Zagreb city officials started discussing the idea of installing a horsecar system as well. Zagreb newspaper Bič satirically wrote in 1885 “Trams have been introduced, but, of course, in Vienna, Graz and Budapest.” Trams should have been put in service on 15 August 1891, on the opening day of the Jubilee Economic-Forestry Exhibition. Due to vehicle delivery delay, however, the tram was instead put in service on 5 September 1891, with a ticket costing 6 Hellers. In 1910, by the time the horse-drawn trams started being phased out because of the electrification of the network, the rolling stock had risen up to 17 closed and 15 open-air units. What is now the Nikola Tesla Technical Museum was previously the location of the first tram depot in Zagreb, opened in 1891 on Savska street. The first tram tracks spanned from Eugen Kvaternik Square to Mandaličina Street, branching off to West Railway Station and Sava Bridge. In the first year of operation, the network transported more than a million people, despite Zagreb having a population of only around 40,000. 28 electric T-50 trams replaced the old fleet, produced by Ganz in Hungary. In 1911, an additional 7 T-70 trams were delivered, featuring a stronger engine and better brakes. In 1916, because of a lack of investment caused by the World War I, the service worsened, prompting the City Savings Bank to buy the majority of the shares of Zagreb Electric Tram, the transit authority in Zagreb, placing it in the hands of the city. Soon in 1924, the M-24 started production, an upgraded version with a steel frame. In the 40s and 50s, they were converted from double-end to single-end, and were put out of service in 1977, replaced by the Tatra T4YU trams. In the following years, the tram network expanded, even during World War II, under the leadership of Dragutin Mandl. The first units built after the war were the two-axle TMK 101 trams, a big upgrade from the M-24 trams. Also designed by Mandl, the first three prototype units (TMK 100) were built by ZET workshops in 1951, but after it was concluded that ZET did not have the capacity to build that many trams, the work was given to the Đuro Đaković factory. A few of them were replaced by the GT6 series, but they were in regular use until the TMK 2200 series came in 2005, Built from 1973 to 1975 by Đuro Đaković, TMK 201 trams were the successors of TMK 101 trams, being similarly designed, but technically significantly different. They were in use until 2025, being replaced by TMK 2400 trams. , 2003 The first trams crossed the Sava river in 1979, when Sopot, in the Novi Zagreb district, was connected with Držićeva Street by the Youth Bridge. From 1976 to 1983, 95 Tatra T4YU units with corresponding B4YU trailers were manufactured for Zagreb by ČKD. The T4YU units are a type of the T4 series made for Yugoslavia, and have the same equipment as T4D units, which were used in Germany. They were nicknamed "Čeh", meaning "a Czech". After the Croatian War of Independence, from 1994 to 1998, ZET bought and received 35 used Duewag GT6 trams (5 of them are GT6 "type Mannheim") from Mannheim, Germany. They were brought as a temporary solution, as the lack of funds prevented the buying of new vehicles. They did not last long on the streets and were eventually replaced by the new TMK 2200 trams and scrapped. In May 2005, the first prototype was delivered. It features air-conditioning, cameras inside and outside (instead of rear view mirrors), and a maximum speed of . The last tram of the original order was delivered on 28 May 2007, and on 7 June, Zagreb organised a tram parade where all 70 TMK 2200 trams drove through the streets of Zagreb, to celebrate a new generation of low-floor trams. In July 2007, a contract for an additional 70 TMK 2200 vehicles was signed, which would have a redesigned seat layout allowing wider passages and additional handrails on the ceiling. The 140th unit entered service on 30 June 2010, featuring a redesigned seat layout allowing wider passages, and additional handrails on the ceiling. In 2009 and 2010, ZET received 2 TMK 2300 (TMK 2200-K) trams, shorter versions of the TMK 2200s. They operate on less busy and nighttime lines. ZET received the first unit on 1 December, and after testing, the tram went into service on 27 December. In 2023 and 2024, ZET signed two contracts with Končar to buy a total of 40 new TMK 2400 trams, an upgraded version of the TMK 2300 model, worth around €80 million. The first unit entered service on 10 March 2025. Construction of tram tracks ==Network==
Network
In 2024, ZET trams transported 121.83 million people, almost 333,773 every day. The majority of stations serve multiple tram lines. Trams are more frequent on work days, especially during rush hour, and the least frequent on Sunday. Daytime lines come every 5–15 minutes on average. Daytime lines Line 15 is a specific exception: the line is closer to a light rail line than an actual tram line. It runs for approximately from Mihaljevac to Dolje. The line runs on a completely segregated right of way. A special type of catenary was developed for the line, which allows trams to reach speeds of . Thus, the line from Mihaljevac to Dolje is the fastest and the shortest line in the entire tram network. It was opened in the 1950. Nighttime lines Discontinued lines Stops ==Rolling stock==
Rolling stock
The rolling stock includes 259 motor units of 8 different tram types, of which 154 are low-floor trams. Most of the stock today consists of TMK 2200 trams, a total of 140 units acquired from 2005 to 2010. The next most common tram type is made by ČKD, comprising a total of 95 T4YU units with 85 matching B4YU trailers, and 51 articulated KT4YU units. This includes two museum units of M-24 trams, one with a "Košak" trailer built by ZET, and the other with "Pagoda" trailer, which was formerly a motor car made by Ganz. These trams are used for kids rides during the Zagreb Christmas Market. ==Gallery==
tickerdossier.comtickerdossier.substack.com