MarketDragonslayer (1981 film)
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Dragonslayer (1981 film)

Dragonslayer is a 1981 American dark fantasy film directed by Matthew Robbins from a screenplay he co-wrote with Hal Barwood. It stars Peter MacNicol in his feature film debut, Ralph Richardson, John Hallam, and Caitlin Clarke. It was a co-production between Paramount Pictures and Walt Disney Productions, where Paramount handled North American distribution and Disney handled international distribution through Buena Vista International. The story is set in a fictional medieval kingdom where a young wizard encounters challenges as he hunts a dragon, Vermithrax Pejorative.

Plot
Urland, a sixth-century kingdom near the River Ur, is being terrorized by Vermithrax Pejorative, a 400-year-old dragon. To appease Vermithrax, King Casiodorus offers it virgin girls selected by lottery twice a year. An expedition led by Valerian, a young man, seeks help from the last sorcerer, Ulrich of Cragganmore. Tyrian, the captain of Casiodorus's Royal Guard, and his lieutenant Jerbul intimidate Ulrich, doubtful of his abilities. Ulrich invites Tyrian to stab him to prove his magical powers. Tyrian complies and Ulrich dies. Ulrich's elderly servant Hodge cremates the wizard's body and places the ashes in a leather pouch. Ulrich's young apprentice Galen Bradwarden is selected by the wizard's magical amulet as its next owner; encouraged, he journeys to Urland. En route, he discovers that Valerian is a young woman disguised to avoid being selected in the lottery. To discourage the expedition, Tyrian kills Hodge. Before dying, Hodge hands Galen Ulrich's ashes and reveals that the wizard wanted them spread over a lake of burning water. In Urland, Galen inspects Vermithrax's lair and magically seals its entrance with a rockslide. Tyrian apprehends Galen and takes him to the Castle Morgenthorme, the royal residence. There Casiodorus disputes that Galen is a real wizard; the king also complains that Galen's attack may have angered Vermithrax instead of killing it...as with Gaiseric Rex, Casiodorus's late elder brother and predecessor. Casiodorus confiscates the amulet and imprisons Galen. His daughter, Princess Elspeth, visits Galen, who mentions rumors that the lottery is rigged; it excludes her name and those others whose families are rich enough to bribe Casiodorus into disqualifying their children. Casiodorus cannot lie convincingly when she confronts him over this. Meanwhile, Vermithrax escapes its prison, causing an earthquake. Galen escapes from his prison, but without the amulet. The village priest, Brother Jacopus, leads his congregation to confront Vermithrax, denouncing it as the Devil. Vermithrax incinerates him and then heads for the village of Swanscombe, burning all in its path. When the lottery begins anew to placate it, Elspeth rigs the draw so that only her name can be chosen. Desperate, Casiodorus returns the amulet to Galen so that he might save Elspeth. Galen uses the amulet to enchant a spear (forged by Valerian's father and dubbed Sicarius Dracorum, or "Dragonslayer") with the ability to pierce Vermithrax's armored hide. Valerian gathers molted dragon scales to create a shield for Galen. Valerian laments that, her disguise now blown, she will be eligible for the lottery since she is still a virgin. Galen admits that he has fallen in love with her, and the two kiss. To rescue Elspeth, Galen fights and kills Tyrian. Elspeth, however, wants to make amends for all the girls whose names have been chosen in the past; she descends into Vermithrax's cave and dies. Galen follows her and finds young dragons feasting on her corpse. He slays them and goes on to find Vermithrax resting within an underground lake of fire. He wounds Vermithrax, but the spear's shaft is broken in the battle. Only Valerian's shield saves him from incineration. After his failure to kill Vermithrax, Valerian convinces Galen to leave Swanscombe with her. As both prepare to depart, the amulet gives Galen a vision of the "burning water" within Vermithrax's cave. Galen realizes that Ulrich planned his own death and cremation, being too old and frail to make the journey himself. Galen returns to the cave and spreads the ashes over the fiery lake. Ulrich is resurrected. He reveals that his time is short, and that Galen must destroy the amulet "when the time is right". Ulrich then transports himself to a mountaintop, summons a storm and confronts Vermithrax. After a battle, Vermithrax snatches Ulrich and flies away with him. Cued by Ulrich, Galen crushes the amulet with a rock. Ulrich's body explodes and kills Vermithrax, which falls from the sky. Casiodorus arrives and drives a sword into Vermithrax's carcass to claim the glory for himself while the villagers led by Greil (the new village priest, now calling himself Gregorius of Heronsford) claim God as their hero. While leaving Urland with Valerian, Galen confesses that he misses both Ulrich and the amulet. He says, "I just wish we had a horse." A white horse then appears, insinuating that the amulet's power is now within Galen. The couple mounts the horse and ride away. ==Cast==
Cast
Peter MacNicol as Galen Bradwarden • Caitlin Clarke as Valerian of Swanscombe • Ralph Richardson as Ulrich of Cragganmore • John Hallam as Tyrian • Peter Eyre as King Casiodorus Ulfilas • Albert Salmi as Greil (dubbed by Norman Rodway) • Sydney Bromley as Hodge • Chloe Salaman as Princess Elspeth Ulfilas • Emrys James as Simon of Swanscombe, Valerian's father • Roger Kemp as Horsrick, Casiodorus's Chamberlain • Ian McDiarmid as Brother Jacopus • Ken Shorter as Jerbul == Production ==
Production
Conception According to Hal Barwood, Matthew Robbins and he got the inspiration for Dragonslayer from ''The Sorcerer's Apprentice sequence in Fantasia''. They later came up with a story after researching St. George and the Dragon. Barwood and Robbins rejected the traditional conceptions of the medieval world to give the film more realism: "Our film has no knights in shining armor, no pennants streaming in the breeze, no delicate ladies with diaphanous veils waving from turreted castles, no courtly love, no holy grail. Instead, they set out to create a very strange world with a lot of weird values and customs, steeped in superstition, where the clothes and manners of the people were rough, their homes and villages primitive, and their countryside almost primeval, so that the idea of magic would be a natural part of their existence." For this reason, they chose to set the film after the end of Roman rule in Britain, prior to the arrival of Christianity. Barwood and Robins began to hastily work on the story outline on June 25, 1979, and completed it in early August. They received numerous refusals from various film studios, due to their inexperience in budget negotiations. The screenplay was eventually accepted by Paramount Pictures and Walt Disney Pictures, becoming the two studios' second joint effort after Popeye (1980). About 25% of the film's budget went into the dragon's special effects. Graphic artist David Bunnett was assigned to design the look, and was fed ideas on the movement mechanics, and then rendered the concepts on paper. They decided early to emphasize flying, because the most important sequence is the final battle. Bunnett gave it a degree of personality, deliberately trying to avoid the creature from Alien, which he believed was "too hideous to look at". Ken Ralston was assigned to the flying scenes. He built a model with an articulated aluminum skeleton for a wide range of motion. Ralston shot films of birds flying to incorporate their movements into the model. As with the walking dragon, the flying model was filmed using go motion techniques. The camera was programmed to tilt and move at various angles to convey the sensation of flight. which features music rejected from his score for Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey. The opening sequence of Dragonslayer features a reworking of his original music for the opening of 2001s "Dawn of Man" sequence—which in that final film is played without music—and a waltz representing the dragon in flight that had been a variation of the cue "Space Station Docking", which in the final cut of 2001 was replaced by "The Blue Danube". North was disappointed by the resulting dragon scenes, as they do not use the entirety of the pieces he composed for them. He later stated that he had written "a very lovely waltz for when the dragon first appears, with just a slight indication that this may not be a bad dragon". The waltz was replaced by tracks used earlier in the movie. The score was widely praised. Pauline Kael wrote in the New Yorker that the score was a "beauty", and that "at times, the music and the fiery dragon seem one". Royal S. Brown of Fanfare Magazine praised the soundtrack as "one of the best scores of 1981". On April 22, 2010, a limited-edition soundtrack CD was released on La-La Land Records. == Reception ==
Reception
Box office The film grossed just over $14 million in the US with an estimated budget of $18 million. It later became a cult film. Critical response At the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an 84% score based on 37 reviews, with an average rating of 6.8/10. The site's critic consensus reads, "An atypically dark Disney adventure, Dragonslayer puts a realistic spin — and some impressive special effects — on a familiar tale." At Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 68 out of 100 based on 13 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews. The book Flights of Fancy: The Great Fantasy Film says: "Dragonslayer is a compelling and often brilliant fantasy film [... but] it seeks, as well, to impose modern sensibilities on its medieval characters and plot—20th-century political, sociological, and religious sensibilities, which only serve to dilute its particular strengths." Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert both gave the film three stars out of four in their respective print reviews. Siskel praised the "dazzling special effects" and the "convincing portrait by Ralph Richardson of the aged magician Ulrich", Nonetheless, he warned: "In movie theaters, that came across wonderfully; on a little TV screen, this may be strictly for specialized tastes." Christopher John reviewed Dragonslayer in Ares magazine and commented, "Though the dialogue is occasionally stiff, there is a believable reality. When the people and setting of a fantasy are as carefully wrought as they are here, it is easy to get an audience to accept as small and wonderful a thing as a dragon." C. J. Henderson reviewed Dragonslayer for Pegasus magazine and stated that "So, what happened? Basically, special effects aside, it was a terrible film. The acting (outside of Ralph Richardson) was pedestrian, the story was skimpy and fairly bothersome, and the characters did not come across as fully real. The third century was not the time of women's lib. When the best performance in a film is given by the technical staff and not the actors, the film is usually in trouble." Dirk Libbey of CinemaBlend describes that Dragonslayer "tends to get overlooked. Even if you do remember it, there's a decent chance you had no idea it was technically a Disney movie, as it was a far cry from their normal output in the early '80s and thus the Disney name was largely left off the film." Vermithrax Pejorative Guillermo del Toro has stated that along with Maleficent in Sleeping Beauty, Vermithrax is his favorite cinematic dragon. He further stated that: "One of the best and one of the strongest landmarks [of dragon movies] that almost nobody can overcome is Dragonslayer. The design of Vermithrax Pejorative is perhaps one of the most perfect creature designs ever made." A Song of Ice and Fire author George R. R. Martin once ranked it the fifth-best fantasy film of all time, and called Vermithrax "the best dragon ever put on film [with] the coolest dragon name". Vermithrax is mentioned as an Easter egg in a list of dragons' names in the fourth episode of that book series adaptation, Game of Thrones. Fantasy author Alex Bledsoe stated: "...everyone has a 'first dragon', the one that awoke their sense of wonder about the creatures. For many it's Anne McCaffrey's elaborate world of Pern, where genetically engineered intelligent dragons bond with their riders; for others, it's Smaug in The Hobbit, guarding his hoard deep in a cave. But for me, it was the awesome Vermithrax from the 1981 film, Dragonslayer." During filming of Return of the Jedi, in which Ian McDiarmid, who portrays minor character Brother Jacopus in Dragonslayer, stars as the film's main antagonist, Emperor Palpatine, the ILM crew jokingly placed a model of Vermithrax in the arms of the Rancor model and took a picture. The picture was included in the book Star Wars: Chronicles. A creature based on the appearance of this dragon appears in one of Jabba the Hutt's creature pens in Inside the Worlds of Star Wars Trilogy. == Related media ==
Related media
A novelization, Dragonslayer, was written by Wayland Drew, that delves deeper into the background of many of the characters. Marvel Comics published three formats of Dragonslayer adaptations in 1981; all were by the same team. These were a magazine-sized issue, a two-issue standard comic-sized adaptation, and a paperback format (Marvel Illustrated) of the two comic books in 160 pages, due to the smaller pages. Credits include writer Dennis O'Neil, and artists Marie Severin and John Tartaglione, in Marvel Super Special #20. Simulations Publications, Inc. produced the board game Dragonslayer, designed by Brad Hessel and Redmond A. Simonsen. Australian label Southern Cross initially released an unauthorized soundtrack album in 1983 on LP (a boxed audiophile pressing, at 45 rpm), and in 1990 on CD. The first official and improved CD release came in 2010 by U.S. label La-La Land Records. The new album features newly mastered audio from the original LCR (Left-Center-Right) mix, previously unreleased source music, and alternative takes. == See also ==
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