Sir Colin Campbell of Lochow was knighted in 1280. In 1445
James II of Scotland raised Sir Colin's descendant Sir Duncan Campbell to the peerage to become Duncan Campbell of Lochow, Lord of
Argyll, Knight, 1st Lord Campbell.
Colin Campbell (c. 1433–1493) succeeded his grandfather as the 2nd Lord Campbell in 1453 and was created Earl of Argyll in 1457. , the principal family seat of the Dukes of Argyll
The 8th Earl of Argyll was created a marquess in 1641, when
Charles I visited Scotland and attempted to quell the rising political crisis (and the fall-out from the event known as
The Incident). With
Oliver Cromwell's victory in England, the marquess became the effective ruler of Scotland. Upon the restoration, the marquess offered his services to King
Charles II but was charged with treason and executed in 1661. His lands and titles were forfeited but in 1663, they were restored to his son,
Archibald, who became the 9th Earl of Argyll. In 1685 he was executed for his part in the
Monmouth Rebellion. On 21 June 1701 the 9th Earl's son,
Archibald, was created
Duke of Argyll, Marquess of Kintyre and Lorne, Earl of Campbell and Cowal, Viscount of Lochow and Glenyla, Lord Inveraray, Mull, Morvern, and Tiree for his services to
William of Orange. His son, the 2nd Duke, was created Baron Chatham and Earl of Greenwich in 1705 as a reward for his support for the
Act of Union and further elevated to the title Duke of Greenwich in 1719. Upon his death his Scottish titles passed to his brother and the English titles became extinct.
The 5th Duke sat as a member of parliament for
Glasgow Burghs until his father's accession to the Dukedom in 1761 disqualified him from representing a Scottish seat. He then became the member for
Dover until 1766, when he was created Baron Sundridge and obtained the right to sit in the House of Lords. On 17 April 1892,
the 8th Duke was created Duke of Argyll in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Thus, the Duke is one of only five people to hold two or more different dukedoms, the others being the
Duke of Cornwall and
Rothesay, the
Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, the
Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, and the
Duke of Richmond, Lennox, and Gordon. served as the family townhouse in
Stirling During the 19th century, a distant Prussian descendant of the family,
Jenny von Westphalen, became the wife of the philosopher
Karl Marx. In a famous story, when exiled to Paris and reduced to poverty, Marx was nearly arrested for attempting to pawn a part of Jenny's dowry: a silver dinner service bearing the coat of arms of the House of Argyll. Of the incident Marx wrote to
Engels, possibly in an attempt to solicit another loan from his wealthy friend: "My wife cried all night". However, the silver was eventually sold to pay off long-standing debts incurred by the
Neue Rheinische Zeitung. In the late 19th century the then current Duke of Argyll visited America. While there, he stayed at the American Hotel situated in the main square of the village of
Babylon,
New York. The townspeople took a liking to the duke, and festivals and parades took place while he visited there. Just before the turn of the century (1900) the township of Babylon renamed the Bythbourne Lake/Park to Argyle Lake/Park (Argyll evolved to the currently accepted Argyle) in memory of the duke's visit. ==Family seats and abodes==