Dural venous sinuses

The dural venous sinuses are venous sinuses (channels) found between the periosteal and meningeal layers of dura mater in the brain. They receive blood from the cerebral veins, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space via arachnoid granulations. They mainly empty into the internal jugular vein. Cranial venous sinuses communicate with veins outside the skull through emissary veins. These communications help to keep the pressure of blood in the sinuses constant.

Venous sinuses

Paired venous sinus ==Structure==

Structure

The walls of the dural venous sinuses are composed of dura mater lined with endothelium, a specialized layer of flattened cells found in blood and lymph vessels. They differ from other blood vessels in that they lack a full set of vessel layers (e.g. tunica media) characteristic of arteries and veins. They also lack valves (in veins; with exception of materno-fetal blood circulation i.e. placental artery and pulmonary arteries both of which carry deoxygenated blood). ==Clinical relevance==

Clinical relevance

The sinuses can be injured by trauma in which damage to the dura mater, may result in blood clot formation (thrombosis) within the dural sinuses. Other common causes of dural sinus thrombosis include tracking of infection through the ophthalmic vein in orbital cellulitis. While rare, dural sinus thrombosis may lead to hemorrhagic infarction or cerebral edema with serious consequences including epilepsy, neurological deficits, or death. ==Additional images==

Additional images

File:Gray488_blue.gif|Dural veins File:Gray568.png|Sagittal section of the skull, showing the sinuses of the dura. File:Gray567.png|Dura mater and its processes exposed by removing part of the right half of the skull, and the brain. File:Gray570.png|The sinuses at the base of the skull. File:Major venous sinuses and their tributaries.png|Major sinuses and their tributaries ==References==

Source: Wikipedia ↗

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