Formation of Bildu Bildu was formed in response to the March 2011 ruling by
Spain's Supreme Court that banned the registration of a new Basque party called
Sortu. Bildu was a coalition of the social democratic
Eusko Alkartasuna,
Alternatiba (a splinter group from
Ezker Batua) and independent individuals from the Basque left-wing nationalist milieu, originating from the banned
Batasuna party, all of them formerly members of the Amaiur coalition. Bildu was also banned by the Supreme Court for its links to Batasuna, the political wing of the banned armed separatist group
ETA. The decision to ban Bildu sparked street protests in
Bilbao and other cities. However, on 5 May 2011, exactly the day the election campaign began, Spain's Constitutional Court lifted the ban and Bildu was allowed to participate in the elections. The public presentation of EH Bildu took place on 10 June 2012 in
San Sebastián. Present at the event were, among others, the former members of Batasuna Rufi Etxeberria and Joseba Permach; the general secretary of EA,
Pello Urizar; the coordinator of
Aralar, Patxi Zabaleta; Alternatiba spokesperson,
Oskar Matute; and the general deputy of
Gipuzkoa for Bildu, Martín Garitano. On 3 July 2012,
Laura Mintegi was elected candidate for
lehendakari in the
2012 Basque parliamentary elections. Mintegi, a professor at the University of the Basque Country, had already presented herself as a candidate for Herri Batasuna. Although the newspaper
Gara announced that Sortu would join the coalition after the Constitutional Court revoked its illegalization, which was confirmed by its spokesperson in a press conference on July 11, 2012, this incorporation was finally postponed due to the advance of the elections to the Basque Parliament, which made them coincide with the constitutive debate process of said party. In the
2020 Basque regional election, three political prisoner members of political youth or illegalized media were elected: Arkaitz Rodríguez, Iker Casanova and Ikoitz Arrese.
2011 elections At the
2011 local elections, Bildu received 26% of the vote in the Basque region, coming second only to the
Basque Nationalist Party (PNV).[10] The party won seats in most of the councils of the
Southern Basque Country, including San Sebastián (where it came first),
Bilbao,
Vitoria-Gasteiz and
Pamplona. For the
2011 general election, Eusko Alkartasuna, Alternatiba and their allies formed a new alliance, under the name
Amaiur, along with Aralar, previously part of
Nafarroa Bai, and other
abertzale (i.e., Basque nationalist) groups.
2012 Basque regional election On 3 July 2012, the writer and university professor Laura Mintegi was presented as Bildu's candidate for the
presidency of the Basque Government for the October 21 elections. Mintegi was already on the lists of Amaiur in the general elections of 2011 for the
Senate for Biscay and on those of Herri Batasuna (HB) in the
European elections of 1987 and
1989. The heads of the coalition list for
Álava and Gipuzkoa were, respectively, the spokesperson for the STEE-EILAS union Belén Arrondo and the
University of the Basque Country professor Xabier Isasi. The list for
Biscay, headed by Laura Mintegi, was completed by the former mayor of
Amoroto and former spokesperson for
Udalbiltza Maribi Ugarteburu, the Secretary of the Treasury of the National Executive of EA Leire Pinedo, the vice coordinator of Aralar Daniel Maeztu and the spokesperson for Alternatiba
Oskar Matute. In eighth place was the lawyer and former parliamentarian of Herri Batasuna Jone Goirizelaia. For Gipuzkoa, the list included the Basque teacher and technician Lur Etxeberria. Also on Álava's list were the member of the nationalist left
Hasier Arraiz, the Bildu councilor in Amurrio Eva Blanco, the lawyer Julen Arzuaga and the Aralar deputy
Igor López de Munain. because Arritokieta Zulaika from EA replaced Arturo Muñoz from Alternatiba. By constituencies, Bildu was the slate with the most votes in Gipuzkoa with 32.2% of the votes (9 parliamentarians), and the second in Álava (22.1% and 6 parliamentarians) and Biscay (21.5% and 6 parliamentarians).
2014 European Parliament election was the head of
The Peoples Decide list for the 2014 European Parliament elections. At the end of 2013, EH Bildu announced its willingness to participate in the elections to the European Parliament on May 25, 2014, with the intention of uniting all of Spain's sovereigntist forces under its candidacy. With a view to these elections but on the occasion of the
World Economic Forum in Bilbao, the coalition held an international rally in that city on 2 March 2014, with the participation of political groups such as
Sinn Féin,
Syriza,
Die Linke, the
Left Bloc of Portugal and the
BNG, among others. After it became public that the
ERC would run its own candidate and that the
CUP and
Nós-UP would not participate in these elections, EH Bildu finally formed The Peoples Decide coalition together with the BNG,
Puyalón,
Andecha Astur,
Canarian Nationalist Alternative and
Unity of the People. The slate, led by the former newspaper director Gara Josu Juaristi, obtained 326,464 votes (2.08%), which entitled it to one MEP. Thus, the EH Bildu candidate, Josu Juaristi, would occupy the seat for the first three and a half years of the legislature and the BNG candidate,
Ana Miranda, for the remaining year and a half. The coalition was the first force in Gipuzkoa, with 31.69% of the votes, and for the first time in Álava, with 19.86%. It was also the second force in Biscay, with 20.25%, and in Navarra, with 20.21%. The designation of the possible MEP generated a debate within EH Bildu, since both Aralar and Eusko Alkartasuna were members of the
European Free Alliance, while Sortu showed during the campaign its preference for joining
The Left in the European Parliament (GUE/NGL). After obtaining the seat, Josu Juaristi joined the latter group, although he announced that he would also maintain "a priority relationship" with the
Greens–European Free Alliance, since the latter has political formations that defend his right.
2015 and 2016 elections In the
2015 local elections, EH Bildu was the second force in the Basque Country, only surpassed by the
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV). EAJ-PNV lost institutional power to Bildu in Gipuzkoa, losing several municipalities, including the mayor's office of the capital, San Sebastián. In this historic territory, EH Bildu obtained 29.87% of the votes and 398 councilors. In Biscay it was the second force with 19.85% and 394 councilors, and in Álava it was also the second force with 21.48%, surpassing the PNV by one tenth. In Navarre, the nationalist coalition was the first force in number of councilors and second in number of votes. It obtained 297 councilors, thus surpassing the
Navarrese People's Union (UPN), which dropped to 281. EH Bildu took many mayoralties from UPN, including
Estella-Lizarra,
Barañáin,
Tafalla and
Pamplona. Thus, Joseba Asiron became the first
abertzale mayor of the Navarrese capital thanks to a government agreement between EH Bildu,
Geroa Bai, Aranzadi and
Izquierda-Ezkerra. EH Bildu lost the Provincial Council of Gipuzkoa, which until then was governed by Bildu, by obtaining 28% of the votes and 17 members, compared to 31% and 18 members for the EAJ-PNV. In Álava, Bildu obtained 11 members with 20% of the votes, and in Biscay it obtained 18% and 11 members in the General Meetings. In the elections to the Parliament of Navarre in 2015, EH Bildu obtained eight parliamentarians with 14.25% of the votes, which made it the third force in the autonomous community. Three of these parliamentarians were in turn members of EA (
Maiorga Ramírez, Miren Aranoa and Esther Korres), three of Sortu (Adolfo Araiz, Bakartxo Ruiz and Dabid Anaut) and two of Aralar (Asun Fernández de Garaialde and Xabi Lasa). Later, Xabi Lasa would be replaced by Arantza Izurdiaga (Sortu). The representatives of EH Bildu voted in favor of the investiture of
Uxue Barkos along with Geroa Bai,
Podemos and Izquierda-Ezkerra. The counselors of the Government of Navarre
María José Beaumont (Presidency, Public Service, Interior and Justice) and Isabel Elizalde (Rural Development, Local Administration and Environment) were elected at the proposal of EH Bildu. was the candidate chosen by EH Bildu for lehendakari in the 2016 investiture plenary session. In the 2015 general elections in Spain, EH Bildu saw a decline in both votes and representatives compared to the results of Amaiur in 2011. In total it obtained 218,467 votes (0.87%) and two deputies were electedː Onintza Enbeita for Biscay and
Marian Beitialarrangoitia by Gipuzkoa. After the new call for elections in 2016, EH Bildu renewed the electoral lists, but failed to improve its results by obtaining 184,092 votes (0.77%) and two deputies: Oskar Matute for Biscay and Marian Beitialarrangoitia for Gipuzkoa. For the elections to the Basque Parliament in 2016, EH Bildu designated
Arnaldo Otegi as its candidate for the presidency of the
Basque Government, after the bases of the coalition decided so. However, the Electoral Board, later endorsed by the Constitutional Court, determined that Otegi could not be included on the electoral lists because he was disqualified from voting as part of his conviction for the Bateragune case. EH Bildu obtained 225,172 (21.26%) votes and 18 parliamentarians. It maintained its status as the second force in the Basque Parliament, surpassed only by the PNV. Compared to the results obtained in the general elections in 2015 and 2016, EH Bildu experienced a recovery in both the number of votes and the percentage of the vote. Compared to the previous elections to the Basque Parliament in 2012, it lost three seats and more than 50,000 votes. After obtaining her parliamentary certificate, journalist Maddalen Iriarte was elected spokesperson for the parliamentary group, as well as its candidate for lehendakari in the investiture plenary session.
Since 2017 On 17 June 2017, EH Bildu was refounded as a permanent political structure to provide itself with its own bodies with executive capacity and open itself to the activism of independents, leaving behind the classic party coalition formula. Arnaldo Otegi was elected general coordinator. Following this process, Aralar held its last congress on 2 December 2017, in which it was decided to dissolve, leaving the way open to members who thus decided to join EH Bildu. The decision was made when it considered its objective of having all
human rights defended by the nationalist left fulfilled, while finding EH Bildu's internal democracy improved and accommodating for multiple ideological currents. However, a critical segment belonging to Eusko Alkartasuna, led by
Maiorga Ramírez and supported by its founder
Carlos Garaikoetxea, opposed what they considered the marginalization of their party within EH Bildu in the face of the preeminence of Sortu. Critics demanded a return to the coalition's original idea of bringing together "a broad, progressive and nationalist bloc" and the establishment of "rules respectful of the pluralism typical of coalitions." In the general elections of April 2019, EH Bildu increased its share of the vote by 74,934 to reach 259,647 votes (0.99%), resulting in four deputies being elected to
Congress:
Iñaki Ruiz de Pinedo, for Álava;
Oskar Matute, who repeated for Biscay;
Mertxe Aizpurua and
Jon Iñarritu, both from Gipuzkoa. A senator for Gipuzkoa was also elected (in addition to the one EH Bildu had by territorial designation): Gorka Elejabarrieta. In October, EH Bildu signed, together with
Junts per Catalunya,
Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya,
Popular Unity Candidacy,
Galician Nationalist Bloc,
Crida Nacional,
Demòcrates de Catalunya,
Catalan European Democratic Party,
Esquerra Valenciana, República Valenciana,
Més per Mallorca and
Més per Menorca, a declaration with which all the signatories committed to act together in the defense of the right to self-determination. In the repeat elections held on 10 November, Bildu obtained 277,621 votes (1.14%), that is, 17,974 more, and the election of
Bel Pozueta, its fifth representative in the lower house, for the Navarre constituency. EH Bildu was the political force with the most votes in the Basque Country and Navarre as a whole and the one that won the most mayoralties in the 2023 municipal elections. In 2023, a complaint was filed by Covite over the inclusion of several candidates who had been convicted of belonging to and collaborating with ETA among the more than 300 EH Bildu lists for the municipal elections in the Basque Country and Navarre. Seven of these, who especially stood out for having been convicted in a summary process with fatalities, announced that they would resign from their positions if they were elected to show their commitment to coexistence and peace, and this took effect after several of them managed to win. in several locations in the Basque Country. Although Covite called this withdrawal a victory, the controversy was fueled by the request to outlaw EH Bildu presented by
Vox, the president of the
Community of Madrid Díaz Ayuso and the Dignidad y Justicia association, which was rejected by the Prosecutor's Office. Spanish Prime Minister
Pedro Sánchez was also attacked for his agreements with the coalition. ==Ideological bases==