After a childhood interest in
journalism, Rathje changed her focus to engineering in her senior year of high school, and became interested in earthquakes after the
1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in her freshman year as a university student. She majored in civil engineering at
Cornell University, graduating in 1993. She continued her studies at the
University of California, Berkeley, where she received a master's degree in civil engineering in 1994 and completed her Ph.D. in 1997. She joined the University of Texas as an assistant professor of civil engineering in 1998. From 2004 to 2009 she was associate professor and J. Neils Thompson Centennial Teaching Fellow there. She was promoted to full professor and given the Warren S. Bellows Centennial Professorship in 2009, and in 2018 she was given the Janet S. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering. In 2018 she was co-chair of the Geotechnical Extreme Event Reconnaissance Association, and she was elected as president of the
Earthquake Engineering Research Institute for the 2024 term. ==Research==