A number of GP38s have been rebuilt into the equivalent of a GP38-2. Conversely, a number of higher horsepower
40 Series locomotives have been rebuilt into the equivalent of a GP38-2 (GP38AC), by the removal of the
turbocharger and the substitution of twin
Roots blowers. In 2007,
Norfolk Southern rebuilt #2911 which is an ex Penn Central GP38 into an experimental
zero-emissions Battery-Electric locomotive known as the
Altoona Works BP4. The new locomotive was renumbered as NS #999. It has since been sold to Rail Propulsions Systems, where it was upgraded for eventual use in the Los Angeles Basin region. ==Preservation==