Emelie C. S. Chilton (1838–1864) was a 19th-century American author of poetry and short stories from Illinois. After completing her education at Rock River Seminary, she became a regular contributor to journals and periodicals in Nashville, Tennessee. She also served as the editor of The Temperance Monthly, a temperance periodical to which she contributed most of her work. Despite her brief life, she was a prolific writer whose talents were recognized early in her childhood.