Species of
Enchodus are generally classified into two different
clades, the North American and the Mediterranean. It has been proposed that this distinction is the result of several
isolated events between the two populations over the Late Cretaceous.
Species Enchodus was a diverse, long-lived genus with many species known throughout its temporal and geographic range. The following valid species are known: •
E. brevis -
Cenomanian of the
West Bank,
Palestine (
Amminadav Formation), potentially
Lebanon (
Sannine Formation) •
E. bursauxi -
Coniacian of
Angola (
Itombe Formation), Late
Campanian of Egypt,
Maastrichtian to potentially
Danian of Morocco (
Ouled Abdoun Basin) •
E. dentex - Cenomanian of
Slovenia (
Komen Limestone) •
E. dirus -
Maastrichtian of the United States (
Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota,
Severn Formation of Maryland), potentially
Gavdos, Greece •
E. elegans - Coniacian of Angola (Itombe Formation), Maastrichtian of Brazil (
Gramame Formation),
Niger,
Syria, and
Jordan (
Alhisa Phosphorite Formation); Maastrichtian to potentially Danian of Morocco (Ouled Abdoun Basin) •
E. faujasi - Coniacian of Angola (Itombe Formation), Campanian of Israel (
Mishash Formation), Maastrichtian of France (
Calcarintes du Jadet Formation), Maastrichtian/potentially Danian of the Netherlands (
Maastricht Formation) •
E. ferox -
Santonian of
Orenburg, Russia; Campanian to Maastrichtian (potentially Paleocene) of the United States (
Marshalltown,
Mount Laurel,
Navesink, and
Hornerstown Formations of New Jersey, Marshalltown Formation of Delaware, Severn Formation of Maryland, Arkansas, Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota); Maastrichtian of Argentina (
Jagüel Formation) and India (
Intertrappean Beds) •
E. gladiolus - Cenomanian to Maastrichtian of the United States (
Greenhorn Limestone of Colorado, Kansas & Iowa,
Graneros Shale &
Carlile Shale of Nebraska,
Mancos Shale of New Mexico, Carlile Shale of Kansas, Arkansas, and
Merchantville, Navesink & Hornerstown Formations of New Jersey), Santonian to Campanian of Russia (Orenburg,
Rybushka Formation), Maastrichtian of Argentina (Jagüel Formation), potentially Peru (Vivian Formation) •
E. gracilis - Campanian of Germany (
Ahlen Formation) •
E. lewesiensis (
type species) - Cenomanian to Coniacian of England (
English Chalk,
Seaford Formation), Cenomanian/Turonian of Germany (
Hesseltal Formation) and the Czech Republic, potentially Maastrichtian of Germany (
Gerhardsreit Formation) •
E. libycus (Quaas, 1902) - Cenomanian to Maastrichtian of Brazil (
Cotinguiba Formation, Gramame Formation), Campanian of Egypt, Maastrichtian to potentially Danian of Morocco (Ouled Abdoun Basin) •
E. longidens -
Santonian of Lebanon (
Sahel Alma), potentially Paleocene/
early Eocene of India (
Akli Formation) •
E. venator - Cenomanian of Morocco (
Jbel Tselfat), Italy (
Scaglia Variegata Alpina Formation), and Germany (Hesseltal Formation) •
E. zinensis Chalifa, 1996 - Campanian/Maastrichtian of Egypt •
E. zimapanensis - Late
Albian/Cenomanian of Mexico (
El Doctor Formation) Many other dubious species based on insufficient remains have been described throughout its range. Even most of the valid
Enchodus species are based on only isolated teeth and bones. The genus
Parenchodus, considered to be the sister genus of
Enchodus, has been synonymized with this genus based on some studies. However, more recent studies have found it to be a valid genus distinct from
Enchodus.
Phylogeny }} == Gallery ==