Early years and first marriage Evadne Price's own account of her early life contains contradictions. Birth years of 1896 and 1901 found in various sources are impossible since she was married in 1909. Evidence indicates she was born
Eva Grace Price on 28 August 1888 in
Merewether, New South Wales, Australia (NSW Registry of BDM cert. no. 1888/032162).
The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography follows the
Times obituarist in accepting her own claim that she was born at sea in 1896 but there is no birth certificate to support this. Price cannot be found in the 1901 or 1911 British census listings. In the 1921 census, Evadne Grace Lynn Price, actress, gives her birthplace as New South Wales (stating her age as 26). In "SHE Stargazes" Evadne gives her birth date as 28 August (p. 82). Evadne's claim that her parents were British (ie
British subjects) may or may not be reliable: BDM records show that both parents were born in NSW, Australia. Her father, Jonathan Dixon Price, was a miner. He died in 1921, not, as Evadne claimed, during her teens. "Newcastle Girl is Film Writer" (
Newcastle Morning Herald, 20 June 1939, p. 6) reports that Evadne Price/Helen Zenna Smith was born in Merewether and attended the Junction School in Merewether. In July 1902, Price obtained a bursary at the Maitland High School. In 1903, she attended the Largs Public School near Maitland. She performed in the end-of-year school concerts at these establishments, giving recitations (as reported in the
Maitland Daily Mercury). In her late teens, Price was familiar to Newcastle audiences as an elocutionist. In 1908, Price played the First Twin in Australia's first production of "Peter Pan". On her 21st birthday, 28 August 1909, Eva Grace Price, actress, daughter of Jonathan Dixon Price, married a German-born actor Henry A. Dabelstein in Sydney (NSW Registry of BDM cert. no. 1909/007059). Henry used the stage name Harry Preston.
Moving to England and second marriage In 1910, Price left Australia for London. Unable to find work there she went on to New York where she found a job in a burlesque variety show. She returned to the UK in 1912 advertising herself in The Stage newspaper as Miss Eva Price (Mrs Harry A. Preston). Harry started a new life in the USA calling himself Robert Harry Preston. US Draft Registration Cards for 1917-1918 and 1942 show him living in New York where, according to the US Social Security Death Index, he died in October 1972. From 1912 to 1916, Price secured roles in provincial tours of dramatic productions:
The Girl Who Knew A Bit (1912),
Mr Wu (1914),
Oh I Say (1915),
Within The Law (1916). In 1915 she changed "Eva" to the more evocative "Evadne" (
Dumfries & Galloway Standard, 25 August 1915 p. 3) and invented a new persona for herself, claiming to have been born at sea of British parents and considerably understating her age. In 1917-1918, Price is reported to have worked in the Air Ministry where she probably met Dorothy Fletcher, the sister of her second husband-to-be, Charles Alexander Fletcher (1894–1924). He was the eldest son of Canon Edward Sumner Bicknell Fletcher, Rector of Kibworth. The couple married in 1920. Price claimed to be a spinster on the GRO registration form. Fletcher was a Captain in the Devonshire Regiment. After the war he was appointed to a government post in the Sudan. He died there in 1924 from blackwater fever. On the 1921 census form Evadne Price had listed her marital status as 'single'. No records of a divorce from her first husband can be found so she probably kept her second marriage secret to avoid being discovered committing bigamy. Price resumed her stage career in 1919 until 1923 when she turned to journalism.
Third marriage and World War II In 1939, Evadne Fletcher married the Australian writer,
Kenneth Andrew Attiwill alias Ken Attiwill (1906-1992) in Kent, England. The couple co-wrote a number of books and plays. They also later wrote scripts for the British television
soap-opera Crossroads. She was the war correspondent for
The People from 1943, covering the
Allied invasion of Europe and many major war stories, including the
Nuremberg Trials. She was the first woman journalist to enter the
Belsen concentration camp. Her husband was a
prisoner of war in Japan, and was presumed dead for two years.
Writing career As a journalist, Evadne wrote a column for the
Sunday Chronicle and contributed to other newspapers. She also began contributing short stories to the fiction magazines of the period. Many of these are comic, and her most notable successes were the
Jane Turpin stories, about a female equivalent of
Richmal Crompton's
William. These were published in the
Novel magazine from 1928, and then in books, beginning with
Just Jane (1928). There were ten collections of Jane stories, finishing with
Jane at War (1947). Price, however, did not take kindly to Jane stories being referred to as a copy of the William series. She went on record saying she "had never heard of William", even though William stories were regularly advertised on Jane book dust jackets. The famous illustrator
Thomas Henry illustrated both Jane and William books, but signed the illustrations for the Jane books as "Marriott", to distinguish the two series.
Helen Zenna Smith In 1930, Albert E. Marriott, who had recently started a publishing company, asked Evadne Price, who was known for her skill at pastiche, to write a parodic version of
Erich Maria Remarque's
All Quiet on the Western Front, featuring women at war; his suggested title was
All Quaint on the Western Front. By her own account she took Remarque's book home to read and decided: 'Anyone who wants a skit on this book wants their brains dusted.'. The book
Not So Quiet... was published as by Helen Zenna Smith, which was also the name of its central character. The book's jacket presents it as: 'An honest, unsentimental, savage record of a girl ambulance driver in France.' and claims: 'This is not a story.' These claims for authenticity persuaded reviewers to treat the book as a record of the author's own experience. The
Manchester Guardian critic wrote: 'The author was attached to a convoy under the command of a domineering and heartless commandant, where the drivers suffered every discomfort of bad food, lack of sleep, dirt and petty tyranny.' The book was an immediate success, and Marriott employed young women to drive around London in ambulances to publicise it.
Playwright and screenwriter Price's career as a romance novelist took her into playwriting, radio scriptwriting and screenwriting. Her play
Big Ben, written for the
Malvern Festival in 1939, was a successful one (
The Times called it "a large, comfortable play with a soul to call its own").
The Phantom Light (1937) was a stage version of her novel,
The Haunted Light. The play was also made into
a film starring
Gordon Harker.
Once a Crook (1939) - a play which was co-written by Price and her husband Ken Attiwill, was
filmed in 1941. She also acted in the movie
Trouble with Junia (1967) in the minor part of Miss Hallyday, beside her husband Ken Attiwill. In 1965, she and Ken Attiwill joined the scriptwriting team of the ATV soap opera
Crossroads Astrology Price had a parallel career as a broadcaster during the early years of
British television. Her afternoon horoscope show called "Fun with the Stars" led to regular appearances on the lunchtime chat and music show
Lunchbox, with
Noele Gordon. Price was dubbed the "new astrologer extraordinaire" for twenty-five years for the
SHE magazine and published a successful collection of these columns as
SHE Stargazes. When she and her husband retired to their native Australia in 1976, Price wrote the monthly horoscope column for Australian
Vogue. She also appeared weekly on the ITV Central evening news magazine show with a 5-minute astrological reading, and she would always close with the catchphrase "think lucky and you'll be lucky".
Final years Price died on 17 April 1985 in Sydney, Australia, aged 96. Her unfinished autobiography was to have been named
Mother Painted Nude.
Posthumous reputation In the year of Price's death, a selection of the Jane Turpin stories was published as
Jane and Co, with an introduction by Mary Cadogan (London: Macmillan, 1985). In 1989,
Not So Quiet... was republished to acclaim by
The Feminist Press, New York, and later by
Virago in the UK. The Feminist Press edition included a discursive afterword by Jane Marcus, which explained much of the story of the book's origins, but the back cover describes it as 'a scathing firsthand account of war from the point of view of women actively engaged in it', which may have allowed some readers to overestimate its authenticity. Since then there have been notable critical accounts of the novel by Angela K. Smith in
The Second Battlefield: Women, Modernism and the First World War, and by Alison Hennegan in 'Fighting the peace: Two women's accounts of the post-war years', an essay included in
The Silent Morning: Culture and Memory After the Armistice, a collection edited by Trudi Tate and Kate Kennedy. ==Bibliography==