The second False Dmitry first appeared on the scene around 20 July 1607, at
Starodub. He is believed to have been either a priest's son or a converted
Jew, and was relatively highly educated for the time. He spoke both the Russian and Polish languages and was something of an expert in
liturgical matters. He pretended at first to be the Muscovite
boyar Nagoy, but falsely confessed under torture that he was Tsarevich Dmitry, whereupon he was taken at his word and joined by thousands of
Cossacks,
Poles, and
Muscovites. In 1608, following a peace agreement with King Sigismund, Tsar Vasilii agreed to release the father-in-law of
False Dmitry I,
Jerzy Mniszech, and his widow,
Marina Mniszech. They soon joined the second false Dmitry's
camp in Tushino, where she "recognized" her late husband in this second Dmitry. According to Dunning, "On the Tushino impostor's boyar council sat such powerful men as Mikhail G. Saltykov and Dmitrii Trubetskoi. They were soon joined by several of Tsar Dmitry's former courtiers, including Grigorii Shakhovskoi and Mikhail Molchanov. The Saltykov and Romanov families were by far the most influential Russians in Tushino. The arrival in Tushino of
Jan Piotr Sapieha with seven thousand cavalrymen in August sped up rebel military activity." Dmitry quickly captured
Karachev,
Bryansk, and other towns, was reinforced by the Poles, and in the spring of 1608 advanced upon Moscow, routing the army of
Tsar Vasili Shuisky at
Bolkhov. Promises of wholesale confiscation of the estates of the boyars drew many common people to his side. The village of
Tushino, twelve
versts from the capital, was converted into an armed camp where Dmitry gathered his army. His force initially included 7,000 Polish soldiers, 10,000 Cossacks and 10,000 other rag-tag soldiers, including former members of the failed
Zebrzydowski Rebellion. His forces soon exceeded 100,000 men. He raised to the rank of
patriarch another illustrious captive,
Philaret Romanov, and won the allegiance of the cities of
Yaroslavl,
Kostroma,
Vologda,
Kashin and several others. . The arrival of King
Sigismund III Vasa at Smolensk caused a majority of Dmitry's Polish supporters to desert him and join with the armies of the Polish king. At the same time, a
strong Russo-Swedish army under
Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky and
Jacob De la Gardie approached Tushino, forcing him to flee his camp disguised as a peasant and go to Kostroma, where Marina joined him and he lived once more in regal state. He made another unsuccessful attack on Moscow, and, supported by the
Don Cossacks, recovered a hold over all south-eastern Russia. Dmitry was killed, while half drunk, on 11 December 1610 by a
Tatar princeling,
Peter Urusov, whom he had imprisoned as he knew Dmitry had killed .
Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski described this event in his memoirs: == See also ==