MarketFarah Pahlavi
Company Profile

Farah Pahlavi

Farah Pahlavi is a member of the Pahlavi dynasty. She was the last queen and empress of Iran and is the third wife and widow of the last shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.

Childhood
in Paris, () Farah Diba was born on 14 October 1938 in Tehran to an upper-class family. She is the only child of Captain Sohrab Diba (1899–1948), an officer in the Imperial Iranian Armed Forces and a graduate of the French Military Academy of St. Cyr, and his wife Farideh Ghotbi (1920–2000). In her memoir, Farah writes that her father's family were natives of Iranian Azerbaijan while her mother's family were of Gilak origin, from Lahijan on the Iranian coast of the Caspian Sea. In the late 19th century, her grandfather had been a diplomat serving as the Persian Ambassador to the Romanov Court in St. Petersburg, Russia. She is moreover a relative of Iranian politician Abolhassan Diba, Iranian architect Kamran Diba, and Iranian-American curator Layla Diba. Farah wrote in her memoir that she had a close bond with her father, and his unexpected death in 1948 deeply affected her. The young family was in a difficult financial state. In their reduced circumstances, they were forced to move from their large family villa in northern Tehran into a shared apartment with one of Farideh Ghotbi's brothers. ==Education and engagement==
Education and engagement
The young Farah Diba began her education at Tehran's Italian School, then moved to the French Jeanne d’Arc School until the age of sixteen and later to the Lycée Razi. She was an athlete in her youth, becoming captain of her school's basketball team. Upon finishing her studies at the Lycée Razi, she pursued an interest in architecture at the École Spéciale d'Architecture in Paris, where she was a student of Albert Besson. Many Iranian students who were studying abroad at this time were dependent on State sponsorship. Therefore, when the Shah, as head of state, made official visits to foreign countries, he frequently met with a selection of local Iranian students. It was during such a meeting, in 1959 at the Iranian Embassy in Paris, that Farah Diba was first presented to Mohammed Reza Pahlavi. After returning to Tehran in the summer of 1959, Mohammad Reza and Farah Diba began their courtship. The couple announced their engagement on 23 November 1959. ==Marriage and family==
Marriage and family
Farah Diba married Shah Mohammed Reza on 20 December 1959, aged 21. The young Queen of Iran (as she was styled at the time) was the object of much curiosity and her wedding received worldwide press attention. Her gown was designed by Yves Saint Laurent, then a designer at the house of Dior, and she wore the newly commissioned Noor-ol-Ain Diamond tiara. After the pomp and celebrations associated with the imperial wedding, the success of this union depended on the birth of a male heir. Although he had been married twice before, the Shah's previous marriages had given him only a daughter who, under agnatic primogeniture, could not inherit the throne. The pressure for Farah was acute. The shah himself was deeply anxious to have a male heir as were the members of his government. Furthermore, it was known that the dissolution of the Mohammad Reza's previous marriage to Queen Soraya had been due to her infertility. The couple had four children: • Crown Prince Reza Pahlavi of Iran (born 31 October 1960). He and his wife Yasmine have three daughters. • Princess Noor Pahlavi (born 3 April 1992) • Princess Iman Pahlavi (born 12 September 1993) • Princess Farah Pahlavi (born 17 January 2004) • Princess Farahnaz Pahlavi of Iran (born 12 March 1963) • Prince Ali Reza Pahlavi of Iran (28 April 1966 – 4 January 2011). He and his companion Raha Didevar had one daughter. • Iryana Leila Pahlavi (born 26 July 2011) • Princess Leila Pahlavi of Iran (27 March 1970 – 10 June 2001) ==As queen and empress==
As queen and empress
The exact role the new queen would play, in public or government affairs, was uncertain with her main role being simply to give the Shah a male heir. Within the Imperial Household, her public function was secondary to the far more pressing matter of assuring the succession. However, after the birth of the Crown Prince, the Queen was free to devote more of her time to other activities and official pursuits. Like many other royal consorts, Farah initially limited herself to a ceremonial role. In 1961 during a visit to France, the Francophile Farah befriended the French culture minister André Malraux, leading her to arrange the exchange of cultural artifacts between French and Iranian art galleries and museums, a lively trade that continued until the Islamic revolution of 1979. She spent much of her time attending the openings of various education and health-care institutions without venturing too deeply into controversial issues. However, as time progressed, this position changed. The Queen became much more actively involved in government affairs where it concerned issues and causes that interested her. She used her proximity and influence with her husband Mohammad Reza, to secure funding and focus attention on causes, particularly in the areas of women's rights and cultural development. During this period, she travelled a great deal within Iran, visiting some of the more remote parts of the country and meeting with the local citizens. Farah's significance was exemplified by her part in the 1967 Coronation Ceremonies, where she was crowned as the first shahbanu (empress) of modern Iran. It was again confirmed when the Shah named her as the official regent should he die or be incapacitated before the Crown Prince's 21st birthday. The naming of a woman as regent was highly unusual for a Middle Eastern or Muslim monarchy. ==Contributions to art and culture==
Contributions to art and culture
From the beginning of her royal life, Farah took an active interest in promoting culture and the arts in Iran. Through her patronage, numerous organizations were created and fostered to further her ambition of bringing historical and contemporary Iranian Art to prominence both inside Iran and in the Western world. and Egyptian writer Youssef Francis in the Tehran International Film Festival, 1973 In addition to her own efforts, Farah sought to achieve this goal with the assistance of various foundations and advisers. Her ministry encouraged many forms of artistic expression, including traditional Iranian arts (such as weaving, singing, and poetry recital) as well as Western theatre. Her most recognized endeavour in supporting the performing arts was her patronage of the Shiraz Arts Festival. This occasionally controversial event was held annually from 1967 until 1977 and featured live performances by both Iranian and Western artists. The majority of her time, however, went into the creation of museums and the building of their collections. As a former architecture student, Farah's appreciation of it is demonstrated in the Royal Palace of Niavaran, designed by Mohsen Foroughi, and completed in 1968: it mixes traditional Iranian architecture with 1960's contemporary design. Nearby is the personal library of the Empress, consisting of 22,000 books, comprising principally works on Western and Eastern art, philosophy and religion; the interior was designed by Aziz Farmanfarmayan. Ancient art Historically a culturally rich country, the Iran of the 1960s had little to show for it. Many of the great artistic treasures produced during its 2,500-year history had found their way into the hands of foreign museums and private collections. It became one of Farah's principal goals to procure for Iran an appropriate collection of its own historic artifacts. To that end, she secured from her husband's government permission and funds to "buy back" a wide selection of Iranian artifacts from foreign and domestic collections. This was achieved with the help of the brothers Houshang and Mehdi Mahboubian, the most prominent Iranian antiquities dealers of the era, who advised the Empress from 1972 to 1978. With these artifacts she founded several national museums (many of which still survive to this day) and began an Iranian version of the National Trust. to China in 1972 Museums and cultural centres created under her guidance include the Negarestan Cultural Center, the Reza Abbasi Museum, the Khorramabad Museum with its valuable collection of Lorestān bronzes, the National Carpet Gallery and the Glassware and Ceramic Museum of Iran. Contemporary art , 1974 Aside from building a collection of historic Iranian artifacts, Farah also expressed interest in acquiring contemporary Western and Iranian art. To this end, she put her significant patronage behind the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art. Using funds allocated from the government, the Shahbanu took advantage of the somewhat depressed art market of the 1970s to purchase several important works of Western art. Under her guidance, the museum acquired nearly 150 works by such artists as Pablo Picasso, Claude Monet, George Grosz, Andy Warhol, Jackson Pollock, and Roy Lichtenstein. The collection of the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art is considered to be one of the most significant outside Europe and the United States. The vast collection has been showcased in a large coffee table book published by Assouline titled Iran Modern According to Parviz Tanavoli, a modern Iranian sculptor and a former Cultural Adviser to the Empress, the collection was amassed for "tens, not hundreds, of millions of dollars". The collection created a conundrum for the anti-western Islamic Republic which took power after the fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty in 1979. Although politically the fundamentalist government rejected Western influence in Iran, the Western art collection amassed by Farah was retained, most likely due to its enormous value. It was, nevertheless, not publicly displayed and spent nearly two decades in storage in the vaults of the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art. This caused much speculation as to the fate of the artwork which was only put to rest after a large portion of the collection was briefly seen again in an exhibition that took place in Tehran during September 2005. == Islamic Revolution and life in exile ==
Islamic Revolution and life in exile
By early 1978, dissatisfaction with Iran's secularist imperial government was growing. By the end of the year, Islamists were demonstrating against the monarchy. Pahlavi wrote in her memoirs that "there was an increasingly palpable sense of unease". Under these circumstances most of the Shahbanu's official activities were cancelled due to concerns for her safety. After leaving Egypt, Mohammad Reza's health further declined from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In October 1979, the couple was allowed into the United States for medical treatment, inflaming already tense relations between the US government and the revolutionaries in Tehran. The tensions ultimately led to the attack and takeover of the American embassy in Tehran in what became known as the Iran hostage crisis. The Shah and Shahbanu were not permitted to remain in the United States, and shortly after the Shah's surgical treatment on 22 October 1979, the couple departed for Contadora Island in Panama. Both Mohammad Reza and Farah viewed the Carter administration with some antipathy in response to a lack of support. Speculation arose that the Panamanian government was seeking to arrest Mohammad Reza in preparation for extradition to Iran. The Shah and Shahbanu again made an appeal to President Anwar Sadat to return to Egypt (Empress Farah writes that this plea was made through a conversation between herself and Jehan Sadat). Their request was granted and they returned to Egypt in March 1980, where they remained until the Shah's death four months later on 27 July 1980. After the Shah's death , in March 2016 , After the Shah's death, Farah spent two years in Egypt, where President Anwar Sadat allowed her and the children to stay in the Koubbeh Palace. She was the regent in pretence from 27 July to 31 October 1980. A few months after President Sadat's assassination in October 1981, Farah and her family left Egypt. President Ronald Reagan informed her that she was welcome in the United States. Farah first settled in Williamstown, Massachusetts, and later bought a home in Greenwich, Connecticut. After the death of her daughter Princess Leila in 2001, she purchased a smaller home in Potomac, Maryland, near Washington, D.C. to be closer to her son and grandchildren. Farah divides her time between Washington, D.C. and Paris and makes an annual July visit to Mohammad Reza Shah's mausoleum at Cairo's al-Rifa'i Mosque. In several TV interviews in French and English, Farah Pahlavi has spoken about her time as Empress of Iran, the Shah, her children, the Iranian Revolution and her life in exile. Farah attended the funeral of former U.S. president Ronald Reagan 2004 in Washington, D.C. She supports charities, including the International Fund Raising for Alzheimer Disease gala in Paris. Farah continues to appear at certain international royal events such as the 2004 wedding of Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark, the 2010 wedding of Prince Nikolaos of Greece and Denmark, the 2011 wedding of Albert II, Prince of Monaco, the 2016 wedding of Prince Leka of Albania, the 2023 funeral of Constantine II of Greece, and the 2023 wedding of Crown Prince Hussein of Jordan. During the 2025–2026 Iranian protests, Pahlavi was interviewed by Agence France-Presse in Paris, where she said that her return to Iran "will take place soon", expressing admiration for protesters and saying that "there is no turning back" from the current protests. In an interview with AFP after the beginning of the 2026 Iran War, Farah urged the international community to respect the rights of Iranians "to choose their leaders", while stating that her son was "in the process of preparing" a transition should the Islamic Republic fall. She also described Nowruz as a moment that symbolizes an 'awakening' to reclaim freedom in Iran. Memoir In 2003, Farah wrote a book about her marriage to Mohammad Reza entitled An Enduring Love: My Life with the Shah. The publication of the former Empress's memoirs attracted international interest. It was a best-seller in Europe, with excerpts appearing in news magazines and the author appearing on talk shows and in other media outlets. However, opinion about the book, which Publishers Weekly called "a candid, straightforward account" and The Washington Post called "engrossing", was mixed. Elaine Sciolino, The New York Times Paris bureau chief, gave the book a less than flattering review, describing it as "well translated" but "full of anger and bitterness". But ''National Review's'' Reza Bayegan, an Iranian writer, praised the memoir as "abound[ing] with affection and sympathy for her countrymen." Documentaries and play In 2009, the Persian-Swedish director Nahid Persson Sarvestani released a feature length documentary about Farah Pahlavi's life, entitled The Queen and I. The film was screened in various International film festivals such as IDFA and Sundance. In 2012, the Dutch director Kees Roorda wrote a play inspired by the life of Farah Pahlavi in exile, Liz Snoijink played Farah. ==Honours==
Honours
National • Member 1st Class of the Order of the Pleiades Foreign • Austria: Grand Star of the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria • Czechoslovakia: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Lion • Denmark: Order of the Elephant • Italy: Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic • Norway: Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Olav • Spain Grand Cross of the Order of Isabella the Catholic • Thailand: Dame of the Most Illustrious Order of the Royal House of Chakri Awards • Look! Women of the Year Hope Award • Foreign Associate Academician of the Académie des Beaux-ArtsSteiger AwardSüdwestfalen Charlie AwardNational Museum of Women in the Arts Award for International Cultural Patronage ==See also==
tickerdossier.comtickerdossier.substack.com