1886–1912: Dial Square to Royal Arsenal sits on the right of the bench. In October 1886, Scotsman
David Danskin and fifteen fellow munitions workers in
Woolwich formed the Dial Square Football Club, named after a workshop at the heart of the
Royal Arsenal complex. Each member contributed sixpence, and Danskin also added three shillings to help form the club. Dial Square played their first match on 11 December 1886 against the Eastern Wanderers and won 6–0. The club had been renamed Royal Arsenal by January 1887, and its first home was
Plumstead Common, In 1891, Royal Arsenal became the first London club to turn professional. Royal Arsenal was renamed for the second time upon becoming a limited liability company in 1893. They registered their new name, Woolwich Arsenal, with the
Football League when the club ascended later that year. Woolwich Arsenal was the first southern member of the Football League, starting out in the
Second Division and reaching the
First Division in 1904. Falling attendances, due to financial difficulties among the munitions workers and the arrival of more accessible football clubs elsewhere in the city, led the club close to bankruptcy by 1910. In 1919, the Football League controversially voted to promote The Arsenal, instead of relegated local rivals
Tottenham Hotspur, into the
newly enlarged First Division, despite only finishing fifth in the Second Division's last pre-war season of
1914–15. Later that year, The Arsenal started dropping "The" in official documents, gradually shifting its name for the final time towards Arsenal, as it is generally known today. stands inside the
Emirates Stadium. With a new home and First Division football, attendances were more than double those at the Manor Ground, and Arsenal's budget grew rapidly. With record-breaking
spending and gate receipts, Arsenal quickly became known as the
Bank of England club.
1925–1934: Herbert Chapman's legendary Gunners Arsenal's location and record-breaking salary offer lured star
Huddersfield Town manager
Herbert Chapman in 1925. Over the next five years, Chapman built a revolutionary new Arsenal. Firstly, he appointed an enduring new trainer,
Tom Whittaker who would one day rise to become a fabled Arsenal manager himself. With the help of player
Charlie Buchan, implemented the nascent
WM formation which would serve as a stable bedrock to his outfit. He also captured generational young talents such as
Cliff Bastin and
Eddie Hapgood, whilst also lavishing Highbury's high income on stars such as
David Jack and
Alex James. Transformed, Chapman's Arsenal claimed their first national trophy, the
FA Cup in 1930, and League Championships followed in
1930–31 and
1932–33. Chapman also presided over off-pitch changes: white sleeves and shirt numbers were added to the kit;
a Tube station was named after the club; and the first of two opulent
Art Deco stands was completed, with some of the first floodlights in English football.
1934–1947: Shaw, Allison and the Second World War Chapman's death meant work was left to his colleagues
Joe Shaw and
George Allison, with both proving to be shrewd and consummate custodians of Chapman's excellent Arsenal team, seeing out a hat-trick of league wins with the
1933–34,
1934–35, and
1937–38 titles, and then furthermore winning the
1936 FA Cup.
World War II meant the Football League was suspended for seven years. While Arsenal were paraded by the nation as a symbol of solidarity with war efforts, the war took a huge toll on the team as the
club had had more players killed than any top flight club. Furthermore, debt from reconstructing an ambitious North Bank Stand redevelopment greatly bled Arsenal's resources. He gathered a successful and highly skilled Arsenal side in spite of greatly limited resources, with a fiery and expansive style that drove great fanfare at the time.
1962–1984: Billy Wright, Bertie Mee and Terry Neill's cohorts (left) and
Bertie Mee (who led Arsenal to their first
double in 1971), pictured in 1972 Arsenal were not to win the League or the FA Cup for another 18 years. The '53 Champions squad had aged, and the club failed to attract strong enough replacements. Although Arsenal were competitive during these years, their fortunes had waned; the club spent most of the 1950s and 1960s in mid-table mediocrity. Even former
England captain
Billy Wright could not bring the club any success as manager, in a stint between 1962 and 1966. Arsenal tentatively appointed club
physiotherapist Bertie Mee as acting manager in 1966 to incredulity by fans, sportsmedia press. With new assistant
Don Howe and new players such as
Bob McNab and
George Graham, Mee led Arsenal to their first
League Cup finals, in
1967–68 and
1968–69. Next season saw a breakthrough, with Arsenal's first competitive European trophy, the
1969–70 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup.
The season after, Arsenal achieved an even greater triumph with their first
League and
FA Cup double, and a new
champions of England record. This marked a premature high point of the decade; the Double-winning side was soon broken up and the rest of the decade was characterised by a series of near misses, with Arsenal finishing as FA Cup runners up in
1972, and First Division runners-up in
1972–73. With new signings like
Malcolm Macdonald and
Pat Jennings, and a crop of talent in the side like
Liam Brady and
Frank Stapleton, the club reached a trio of FA Cup finals (
1978 FA Cup,
1979 FA Cup and
1980 FA Cup), and lost the
1980 European Cup Winners' Cup Final on
penalties. The club's only trophy during this time was the
1979 FA Cup, achieved with a last-minute 3–2 victory over
Manchester United, in a final is widely regarded as a classic.
1984–1996: George Graham's Arsenal statue outside the
Emirates Stadium One of Mee's double winners,
George Graham, returned as manager in 1986, with Arsenal winning their first League Cup in
1987, Graham's first season in charge. New signings
Nigel Winterburn,
Lee Dixon and
Steve Bould had joined the club by 1988 to complete the "famous Back Four", led by homegrown player
Tony Adams. Graham's credo of prioritising defensive excellence seemingly clashed with the club's traditionally expansive motifs in approaching football, and many had skepticism whether it would work with the young squad at the club in that time period; however, his methods quickly gained a cult following after initial successes. The side immediately won the 1988
Football League Centenary Trophy, and followed it with the
1988–89 Football League title, snatched with a last-minute goal in the
final game of the season against fellow title challengers
Liverpool. Graham's Arsenal won another title in
1990–91, losing only one match, won the
FA Cup and
League Cup double in 1993, the
European Cup Winners' Cup in
1994, and also participated and was defeated in the
1994 European Super Cup final by European champions
AC Milan. Graham's reputation was tarnished when he was found to have taken
kickbacks from agent
Rune Hauge for signing certain players, and he was dismissed in February 1995. His replacement,
Bruce Rioch, lasted for only one season, taking the side to the
second European Cup Winners' Cup final in a row, lost against
Real Zaragoza, but he left the club after a dispute with the board of directors.
1996–2018: Arsene Wenger years season, a unique gold trophy was commissioned to Arsenal.|alt= The club metamorphosed during the tenure of French manager
Arsène Wenger, who was appointed in October 1996. Attacking football, an overhaul of dietary and fitness practices, and elite scouting defined his reign. Accumulating key players from Wenger's
homeland, such as
Patrick Vieira and
Thierry Henry, Arsenal won a second League and Cup double in
1997–98 and a third in
2001–02. In addition, the club reached the final of the
1999–2000 UEFA Cup, were victorious in the
2003 and
2005 FA Cup finals, and won the Premier League in
2003–04 without losing a single match, an achievement which earned the side the nickname "
The Invincibles". This feat came within a run of 49 league matches unbeaten from 7 May 2003 to 24 October 2004, a
national record. Arsenal finished in either first or second place in the league in eight of Wenger's first nine seasons at the club, although they never won the title in two consecutive seasons. The club had never progressed beyond the quarter-finals of the
Champions League until
2005–06; in that season, they became the first club from London to reach
the final in the competition's fifty-year history, but were beaten 2–1 by
Barcelona. Arsenal reached the finals of the
2007 and
2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to
Chelsea and
Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until, spearheaded by club record acquisition
Mesut Özil, Arsenal beat
Hull City in the
2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. A year later, Arsenal completed another
victorious FA Cup campaign, and became the most successful club in the tournament's history by winning their 13th FA Cup in
2016–17. However, in that same season Arsenal finished fifth in the league, the first time they had finished outside the top four since before Wenger arrived in 1996. In his 21st and final season, Arsenal under Arsene Wenger
finished sixth and
won the FA Community Shield. Wenger departed Arsenal following the end of the season on 13 May 2018.
2018–2020: Post-Wenger revolution After conducting an overhaul in the club's operating model to coincide with Wenger's departure, Spaniard
Unai Emery was named as the club's new head coach on 23 May 2018. He became the club's first ever 'head coach' and second manager from outside the United Kingdom. In Emery's
first season, Arsenal finished fifth in the Premier League and as runner-up in the
Europa League. On 29 November 2019, Emery was dismissed as manager and former player and assistant first team coach
Freddie Ljungberg was appointed as interim head coach.
2020–present: Mikel Arteta era On 20 December 2019, Arsenal appointed former club captain
Mikel Arteta as the new head coach. Arsenal finished the
2019–20 season in eighth, their lowest finish since
1994–95, but
beat Chelsea 2–1 to earn a record-extending
14th FA Cup win. After the season, Arteta's title was changed from head coach to manager. On 18 April 2021, Arsenal were announced as a founding club of the breakaway European competition
The Super League; they withdrew from the competition two days later amid near-universal condemnation. Arsenal finished the
2020–21 season in eighth place once again, not qualifying for a European competition for the first time in 26 years. The season after (
2021–22), Arteta had assembled the youngest outfit in the Premier League with an average starting age of 24 years and 308 days – more than a whole year younger than the next team. They finished in fifth in the Premier League that year, and qualified for next season's
UEFA Europa League. By the
2022–23 season, Arsenal returned to the Champions League by coming second to
Manchester City, setting a record for most time spent on top of the table without actually winning the league, ending on 84 points. In the
2023–24 season, Arsenal beat Manchester City to claim their 17th
FA Community Shield, they finished second in the Premier League to Manchester City with an improved 89 points from their previous campaign. In the
2024–25 UEFA Champions League, they reached the semi-finals only to lose to
PSG 3–1 on aggregate. For the third season in a row Arsenal finished second, this time behind Liverpool, amassing a points tally of 74 in the 2024–25 Premier League season. ==Crest==