Ferrari SF90 Stradale

The manufacturer claims that the SF90 Stradale can generate of downforce at due to new findings in aero and thermal dynamics. The main feature of the design is the twin-part rear wing which is an application of the drag reduction system (DRS) used in Formula One. A fixed element in the wing incorporates the rear light, the mobile parts of the wing (called "shut off Gurney" by the manufacturer) integrate into the body by using electric actuators in order to maximise downforce. The SF90 Stradale uses an evolution of Ferrari's vortex generators mounted at the front of the car. The car employs a cab-forward design in order to utilise the new aerodynamic parts of the car more effectively and in order to incorporate radiators for the cooling requirements of the hybrid system of the car. The design is a close collaboration between Ferrari Styling Centre and Ferrari engineers. The rear-end of the car carries over many iconic Ferrari Styling elements such as the flying buttresses. The engine cover has been kept as low as possible in order to maximise airflow. According to the car's lead designer, Flavio Manzoni, the car's design lies in between that of a spaceship and of a race car. The rear side-profile harkens back to the 1960s 330 P3/4. ==Specifications==

Battery and driving modes The car has a 7.9 kWh lithium-ion battery for regenerative braking, giving the car of electric range. and a maximum torque of at 6,000 rpm. The F154 engine is an evolution of the unit found in the 488 Pista and the F8 Tributo models. The engine's capacity is now by increasing each cylinder bore to . The intake and exhaust of the engine have been completely modified. The cylinder heads of the engine are now narrower and the all-new central fuel injectors run at a pressure of . The assembly for the turbochargers is lower than that of the exhaust system and the engine sits lower in the chassis than the other mid-engine V8 models in order to maintain a lower center of gravity. The engine utilises a smaller flywheel and an inconel exhaust manifold. Transmission The engine of the SF90 Stradale is mated to a new 8-speed dual-clutch transmission. The new transmission is lighter and more compact than the existing 7-speed transmission used by the other offerings of the manufacturer partly due to the absence of a dedicated reverse gear since reversing is provided by the electric motors mounted on the front axle. The new transmission also has a 30% faster shift time (200 milliseconds). Interior A curved display located behind the steering wheel displays various vital statistics of the car to the driver. The car also employs a new head-up display that would reconfigure itself according to the selected driving mode. The steering wheel is carried over from the F8 but now features multiple capacitive touch interfaces to control the various functions of the car. Other conventional levers and buttons are retained. The interior will also channel the sound of the engine to the driver according to the manufacturer. It is the fastest Ferrari road car on their Fiorano Circuit as of 2020, seven tenths of a second faster than the LaFerrari. In 2020, the Ferrari SF90 Stradale became the fastest car ever to lap the Top Gear test track and be shown in the programme, with a lap time of 1:11.3. ==Variants==

SF90 Spider The SF90 Spider is an open-top variant of the SF90 Stradale equipped with a retractable hardtop. It is the first Ferrari plug-in hybrid car offered as an open-top variant. It is also the most powerful non-limited convertible car in the world, having a combined power of . The previous record was held by the Ferrari 812 GTS. Performance is very similar to the closed-body variant and on par with LaFerrari Aperta. File:Ferrari SF90 Spider IMG 8852.jpg|SF90 Spider File:Ferrari SF90 Spider IMG 8856.jpg|Rear view Assetto Fiorano The Assetto Fiorano is a racing modification pack for the SF90 Stradale or Spider. It uses racing-derived Multimatic shocks and lightweight carbon fibre parts embedded in the door panels and underbody. The Assetto Fiorano also employs a lightweight titanium exhaust system and carbon wheels. These measures save compared to the standard SF90 Stradale. The hybrid powerplant used in the SF90 XX Stradale/Spider has a total power output of and over , of which are delivered by the V8 ICE and by the electric motor. Ferrari will build 799 units of the XX Stradale and 599 units of the XX Spider and all have been pre-allocated to customers. == See also ==