As early as 1858, the
Southern Railway Company (
Südbahngesellschaft) developed its first plans and shortly afterwards received the building permit to connect,
Vienna with the
Tyrol via the
Southern Railway (
Südbahn). The Hügel & Sager company was awarded the contract to construct the Puster Valley Railway and work began in the late autumn of 1869. As this proceeded much faster than expected, operations on the 20 km long Puster Valley Railway and Drava Valley Railway started on 20 November 1871. While the Drava Valley Railway from Villach to Lienz was built as a flat railway, it becomes a mountain railway on its continuation to Franzensfeste and reaches its highest point at the Toblach Saddle at about 1215 m above sea level. An original task of the Puster Valley Railway was to connect
East Tyrol to the capital of the Tyrol,
Innsbruck. However, with the collapse of the
Habsburg monarchy and the loss of South Tyrol to Italy after the end of the First World War, the importance of the railway declined sharply. From 1985 to 1989, the Puster Valley Railway and the Drava Valley Railway were electrified on the basis of a treaty between Italy and Austria signed in 1984. At the same time, almost all viaducts were renewed and all tunnels were enlarged to allow electrical operation during two closures of the line in 1986 and 1988. Special efforts were required for the tunnel near Welsberg (Monguelfo), where, due to constant collapses, the entire ground cover of the 140 m long tunnel was removed and replaced after the construction of a new tunnel structure. While the Puster Valley Railway is equipped with the Italian electrical system (3 kV
DC), the Drava Valley Railway is equipped with the Austrian electrical system (15 kV / 16.7 Hz
AC). The voltage change point is located in Innichen station. While operations continued, electrical operations commenced at the timetable change on 28 May 1989. During the electrification in the Puster Valley, many crossings were replaced by underpasses. This involved tracks and embankment being removed during the night and prefabricated underpasses being inserted hydraulically. In addition, the trackwork and track base were reinforced and the station facilities were rebuilt. The purpose of the electrification was the relief of the Brenner Railway, with the intention of the Italian side to deliver up to ten pairs of freight trains a day including a
rolling highway service to run on the Puster Valley Railway. This has never happened. In fact, the opposite happened, because while the
Val Pusteria/
Pustertal had previously been a well-used international express service on the
Vienna South–Villach–Lienz–Franzensfeste–
Innsbruck route, it was discontinued at the May 1996 timetable change, meaning there is no longer any cross-border long-distance traffic in the Puster Valley Railway. Between 2008 and 2010,
Südtiroler Transportstrukturen (South Tyrol transport infrastructure; STA), which coordinates transport in the province of
South Tyrol, financed the total renovation of the Puster Valley Railway. The route was initially prepared by adapting the stations and the interlockings to support a half-hour cycle, which was introduced gradually up to December 2009. All stations were equipped with 55 cm high platforms and underpasses, enabling the time-saving, simultaneous entry of crossing trains. The remote-control signalling and passenger information systems were also brought up to date with the latest technology. Waiting rooms were also renewed, lifts built, station areas rearranged, eight new trains purchased, car and bicycle parking spaces were installed and two new stations were built: St. Lorenzen station was opened in December 2008 and Percha-Kronplatz station, which is directly connected to the
Kronplatz ski resort by cable car, on 12 December 2010. As a result of these measures, the number of passengers tripled within five years (January–November 2006: 312,000 passengers; January–November 2011: 980,000 passengers). The new Bruneck Nord station was opened near the hospital in October 2013. The new Vierschach station, which was connected by cable car to
Helm and the associated ski resort, was opened in December 2014. == Operations==