Puolanka is a municipality in Finland located in the Kainuu region. The municipality has a population of 2,322 (31 December 2025) and covers an area of 2,598.68 square kilometres (1,003.36 sq mi) of which 137.3 km2 (53.0 sq mi) is water. The population density is 0.94 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.4/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.