Ficus benjamina

Ficus benjamina is a tree reaching tall in natural conditions, with gracefully drooping branchlets and glossy leaves , oval with an acuminate tip. The bark is light gray and smooth. The bark of young branches is brownish. The widely spread, highly branching tree top often covers a diameter of . It is a relatively small-leaved fig. The changeable leaves are simple, entire and stalked. The petiole is long. The young foliage is light green and slightly wavy, the older leaves are green and smooth; the leaf blade is ovate to ovate-lanceolate with wedge-shaped to broadly rounded base and ends with a short dropper tip. The pale glossy to dull leaf blade is cm long and wide. Near the leaf margins are yellow crystal cells ("cystolites"). The two membranous, deciduous stipules are not fused, lanceolate and (rarely to ) long. F. benjamina is monoecious. The inflorescences are spherical to egg-shaped, shiny green, and have a diameter of . In the inflorescences are three types of flowers: male and fertile and sterile female flowers. The scattered, inflorescences, stalked, male flowers have free sepals and a stamen. Many fertile female flowers are sessile and have three or four sepals and an egg-shaped ovary. The more or less lateral style ends in an enlarged scar. Pollination of F. benjamina only occurs with a specific type of wasp that live symbiotically together. The ripe figs (collective fruit) are orange-red and have a diameter of . The tree is treated as an ornamental bush and indoor plant in many places. But it is one of the best shade trees. It can grow to enormous size. Its capability of carbon sequestration is also good. ==Cultivation==

In tropical, subtropical and warm temperate latitudes, the weeping fig makes a very large and stately tree for parks and other urban situations, such as wide roads. It is often cultivated for this purpose, such as in Bourbong Street Weeping Figs in Bundaberg, where it is heritage listed. F. benjamina is a very popular houseplant in temperate areas because of its elegant growth and tolerance of poor growing conditions; it does best in bright, sunny conditions, but it also tolerates considerable shade. It requires a moderate amount of watering in summer and only enough to keep it from drying out in the winter. Longer days, rather high daytime and moderate night-time temperatures constitute favorable conditions for appreciable growth in a short time. It does not need to be misted. The plant is sensitive to cold and should be protected from strong drafts. When grown indoors, it can grow too large for its location and may need drastic pruning or replacement. F. benjamina has been shown effectively to remove gaseous formaldehyde from indoor air. F. benjamina also helps eliminate heavy metals, most commonly in urban areas. The plant has been used as a biomonitor in New Mexico. Figs tend to be consumed dried. The fruit is edible, but the species is not usually grown for its fruit. The leaves have been known to have pharmaceutical benefits such as anti-oxidant properties. and the variegated cultivar 'Starlight' have earned the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Miniature cultivars, especially 'Too Little', are among the most popular plants for indoor bonsai. ==Destructive roots and hurricane propensity==

The United States Forest Service states, "Roots grow rapidly, invading gardens, growing under and lifting sidewalks, patios, and driveways." They conclude that its use in tree form is too large for residential planting, therefore, the species should only be used as a hedge or clipped screen. These trees are also considered a high risk for succumbing to storm gale winds in hurricane-prone South Florida. As a consequence, in many jurisdictions in South Florida, no permit is needed for removal of these trees. The South Florida Water District recommends removing them safely and promptly. ==Allergic reactions==

. The plant is a major source of indoor allergens, ranking as the third-most common cause of indoor allergies after dust and pets. Common allergy symptoms include rhinoconjunctivitis and allergic asthma. Ficus plants can be of particular concern to latex allergy sufferers because of the latex in the plants and should not be kept in the environment of those allergic to latex. ==Gallery==

File:Weeping-fig Ficus-benjamina.jpg|Foliage File:Ficus benjamina 1.jpg|Fruits File:Starr 050516-1264 Ficus benjamina.jpg|Tree in Hawaii File:Ficus benjamina.jpg|Tree in Tenerife File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Waringinbomen op de alun-alun in Loemadjang TMnr 60027266.jpg|Tree in the alun-alun (city square) of Lumajang, East Java. The iconic tree toppled in January 2021 File:Ficus benjamina Sukabumi.jpg|Tree in West Java File:Ficus benjamina 'Starlight' kz01.jpg|Ficus benjamina 'Starlight' in the Botanic Garden of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland File:FicusBenjaminaGreece.jpg|Ficus benjamina in Patras, Greece File:Milano - Banca d'Italia 0545.JPG|Ficus benjamina in the Bank of Italy building in Milan, Italy ==References==