is a prominent example of the movement The movement began in the early 20th-century in the capital of the
Ottoman Empire,
Constantinople, with the goal of bringing back Turkish elements in the construction and design of new buildings. Ever since the late 18th century, European architectural movements such as
Baroque,
Neoclassical and
Rococo architecture were the styles chosen for the majority of imperial buildings built up until the early 20th century. The first building considered to be built in the Turkish neoclassical style is the
Grand Post Office (1905–09), by
Vedat Bey in
Sirkeci. The building brought back classical Ottoman elements from the 16th century such as two-color stone workmanship and
Islamic geometric patterns. This kick-started the movement which was then given the name
New Ottoman architecture. After the
Young Turk Revolution in 1908, the new government promoted Ottoman Revival architecture as a contrast to the many buildings built in western European styles. New government buildings as well as public buildings constructed during the last decade of the empire were mainly designed in the New Ottoman style such as the 7th Eyüp Reşadiye High-school (1911), Beşiktaş Pier (1913),
Aviation Martyrs' Monument (1916) as well as the new headquarters for the
Committee of Union and Progress, which would later become the first
Grand National Assembly building when completed, in 1920. Even after the end of
World War I, during the
allied occupation of Constantinople, construction of new buildings continued in this style. The
Tayyare Apartments, by Ahmet Kemaleddin, were built between 1918 and 1922, during the occupation. After the
Turkish War of Independence and subsequent formation of the Republic of Turkey, the new government, led by President
Mustafa Kemal, further promoted the architectural style which would live out its golden years in the 1920s. Subsequent government buildings such as the
second Grand National Assembly building (1924), the Ministry of Finance general headquarters (1925) and the Ministry of Culture general headquarters (1927) were all built with Turkish Neoclassical architecture. Due to the high demand of buildings and lack of Turkish architects, Western influences once again took hold in the architecture of the 1930s. The Turkish government brought in several European architects, such as
Clemens Holzmeister and
Ernst Egli, to design many buildings during this period. This however did bring forth a mix of modern architecture with Turkish Neoclassical, most notably seen in the
Sivas station building (1934). The mix of architectural styles led forth to the
Second national architectural movement (1939-1950). ==Examples==