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Foreign Military Sales

Foreign Military Sales (FMS) is a security assistance program of the United States government to facilitate the purchase of U.S. arms, defense equipment, design and construction services, and military training by foreign governments. FMS is a government-to-government program where the United States Department of Defense through the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) acquires defense articles on behalf of the foreign governments, protecting them from contract risks in negotiating with the arms industry and providing the contract benefits and protections that apply to U.S. military acquisitions. The FMS program was established through the 1976 Arms Export Control Act (AECA) and is overseen by the United States Department of State and the United States Congress through the annual Foreign Operations Appropriations Acts and National Defense Authorization Acts.

Foreign Military Sales Process
The State Department, through its Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (PM), is responsible for the administration of FMS while the Defense Department through the DSCA is responsible for its implementation. DSCA coordinates with PM to review and consult with Congress to receive formal agreement with an eligible foreign government. FMS Case Identifiers An FMS case identifier that consists of a country, the code of an implementing agency (Army, Navy or Air Force) and a unique three-position FMS case designator is assigned to each LOR. For example, U.S. Air Force (USAF) FMS programs are assigned two-word code names beginning with the word PEACE, indicating oversight by USAF headquarters. Congress has the authority to block a sale. On 24 July, President Donald Trump vetoed the S.J.Res. 36 (prohibiting co-production of Paveway bombs), S.J.Res. 37 (prohibiting transfer of maintenance services for the AGM-65 Maverick missile and Paveway systems) and S.J.Res. 38 (prohibiting transfer of technical data to support the manufacturing of the Aurora Fuzing System for the Paveway IV bomb). On July 29, a Senate vote failed to override the vetoes. On 24 April 2022, the DSCA notified Congress that Secretary of State Antony Blinken had determined that "an emergency exists requiring the sale of non-standard ammunition" to Ukraine "in the national security interest of the United States" to invoke the AECA Section 36 emergency waiver provision. On 8 December 2023, DSCA notified Congress that Secretary Blinken had determined "an emergency exists which requires the immediate sale" of 155 mm artillery rounds and "related equipment" and 120 mm tank shells to Israel to invoke the AECA Section 36(b) emergency waiver. == End-use Monitoring ==
End-use Monitoring
Foreign governments must agree to U.S.-provided defense articles, training and services only for their intended purpose. End-use monitoring (EUM) is typically performed by U.S. government personnel assigned to the Security Cooperation Office in the foreign country. ==See also==
Source: Wikipedia ↗
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