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Foreign relations of Azerbaijan

The Republic of Azerbaijan is a member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, NATO's Partnership for Peace, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, the World Health Organization, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; the Council of Europe, CFE Treaty, the Community of Democracies; the International Monetary Fund; and the World Bank.

List
List of countries which Azerbaijan maintains diplomatic relations with: ==Information on some of the countries with which Azerbaijan maintains formal relations==
Information on some of the countries with which Azerbaijan maintains formal relations
Multilateral Africa } • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Rabat since 2005. • Morocco has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Pretoria. Americas Asia } • On 30 December 1991, Bangladesh recognized the independence of Azerbaijan. • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 26 February 1992. • Azerbaijan is accredited to Bangladesh from its embassy in New Delhi, India. • Bangladesh has a consulate in Baku. • The PRC recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 27 December 1992. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Beijing. • The People's Republic of China has an embassy in Baku. • Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the PRC: Relations with Azerbaijan • India recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on 26 December 1991. • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 28 February 1992. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in New Delhi. • India has an embassy in Baku. • On 28 September 1991, the Republic of Indonesia recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan. • On 24 September 1992, diplomatic relations were established between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Indonesia. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Jakarta. • Indonesia has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tehran. and a consulate general in Tabriz. • Iran has an embassy in Baku. and a consulate general in Nakhchivan. • Both countries are full members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). • Iran recognized Azerbaijan on 4 January 1992, upgraded its consulate in Baku to establish full diplomatic relations. • On 2 January 1992, Iraq recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan. • On 30 March 1992, diplomatic relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Iraq were established. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Baghdad. • Iraq has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan is one of the few majority Muslim countries to develop bilateral strategic and economic relations with Israel. • Israel was one of the first countries to recognize Azerbaijan on 25 December 1991. • Japan recognized Azerbaijan on 28 December 1991. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tokyo since 12 October 2005. • Japan has an embassy in Baku since 21 January 2000. • Azerbaijan is a full member of the Council of Europe (CoE) and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Japan is an observer member of the CoE and a partner for co-operation of the OSCE. • On 28 December 1991, Jordan recognized the independence of Azerbaijan. • On 13 February 1993, a protocol on establishing diplomatic relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan was signed. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Amman. • Jordan has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Astana. • Kazakhstan has an embassy in Baku since 16 December 1994. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bishkek. • Kyrgyzstan has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Beirut. • Lebanon is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur, and Malaysia has an embassy in Baku • Malaysia recognizes the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on 31 December 1991 and on 5 April 1993 diplomatic relations were established. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Doha. • Qatar has an embassy in Baku. • Pakistan was the second country to recognize Azerbaijan after Turkey following the dissolution of the USSR. • Pakistan is among the first countries to open an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Islamabad. • Both countries are full members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). • Due to its support of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Pakistan did not recognize Armenia as a state until 2025. • Azerbaijan has also expressed its support for Pakistan's stand on Kashmir. • Palestine has an embassy in Baku since 2011. • Azerbaijan has a consulate in Manila. • Philippines is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Riyadh since 1994. • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Baku since 1999. • Due to its support of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Saudi Arabia refuses to establish diplomatic relations with Armenia. • Azerbaijani embassy in Seoul. • South Korean embassy in Baku. • Bilateral Trade agreement was signed in 2014 • Exports US$269.5 million. • Imports US$0.54 million. Syria is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran. • Azerbaijan is accredited to Thailand from its embassy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. • Thailand has a consulate in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Ankara and Consulates General in Istanbul and Kars and Consular Mission in Iğdır. • Azerbaijan-Turkey relations have been described as "one nation with two states" due to a common culture and the mutual intelligibility of Turkish and Azerbaijani. • Turkey became the first state to recognize the Republic of Azerbaijan in November 1991. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tashkent. • Uzbekistan has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Hanoi. • Vietnam is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Moscow. • Yemen is accredited to Azerbaijan via its embassy in Ankara. Europe } • Bosnia and Herzegovina recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 9 February 1995. Diplomatic relations were established between the two countries on the same day. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bosnia and Herzegovina. • Bosnia and Herzegovina is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Sofia. • Bulgaria has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). • Bulgaria recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 14 January 1992. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Zagreb • Croatia is represented in Azerbaijan through a non-resident ambassador based in Baku (in the Foreign Ministry). • Croatia is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Ankara (Turkey). • Azerbaijan Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Croatia • Croatian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration: list of bilateral treaties with Azerbaijan • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Prague, opened on 15 August 2007. • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • The Czech Republic recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 8 January 1992. • The Kingdom of Denmark recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on 31 December 1991. • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 2 April 1992. • Denmark has a consulate in Baku. • Azerbaijan is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in London. • Estonia recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 20 February 1992. • Diplomatic relations between Azerbaijan and Estonia have been established since 20 April 1992. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tallinn. • Estonia has an embassy in Baku. • The Republic of Finland recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 30 December 1991. • Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 24 March 1992. • France has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tbilisi. and a general consulate in Batumi. • Georgia has an embassy in Baku. and a general consulate in Ganja. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Berlin. • Germany has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • Greece recognized Azerbaijan's independence on 31 December 1991. • The Greek embassy in Baku. was opened in the spring of 1993. • The embassy of Azerbaijan in Athens. was opened in August 2004. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). • Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Greece • Diplomatic relations with the Holy See were established on 23 May 1992. • Azerbaijan is accredited to the Holy See through its embassy in Paris, France. • Azerbaijan has en embassy in Budapest. since September 2004. • Hungary has an embassy in Baku. since 12 January 2009. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • Azerbaijani Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Hungary • Iceland recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 19 January 1992. • Ireland is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Ankara (Turkey). • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Rome. • Italy has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Riga. • Latvia has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). Both countries were former republics of the Soviet Union. • Azerbaijan recognized the independence of Latvia on 30 August 1991. • Latvia recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 8 January 1992. • Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Azerbaijan • Azerbaijan recognized the independence of Lithuania on 10 September 1991. • Lithuania recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 20 December 1991. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Vilnius. • Lithuania has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • Lithuanian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Cooperation with Azerbaijan • Foreign Minister of Lithuania to pay official visit to Azerbaijan • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Chișinău. • Moldova has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. Azerbaijan recognized the independence of Montenegro on 24 July 2006. On 24 April 2008, diplomatic relations between these two countries were established. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in The Hague. • The Netherlands has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. • North Macedonia has an economic office in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Warsaw. • Poland has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. • Portugal recognized the independence of Azerbaijan on 7 January 1992. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Moscow and consulate-general in Saint Petersburg. Azerbaijan also announced that it will open another consulate-general in Yekaterinburg. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Belgrade. • Serbia has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has a consulate in Bratislava. • Slovakia has an embassy in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Ljubljana. • Slovenia has a consulate in Baku. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Madrid. • Spain has an embassy office in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. • The embassy of Sweden in Baku opened in 2014. • Azerbaijan opened an embassy in Stockholm • Currently, approximately 10 thousand Azerbaijanis live in Sweden, and in addition about 30 thousand Azerbaijanis from Iran. • In 2006, a diaspora organization called «Odlar yurdu» was established in Sweden. • In 2010, the Congress of Swedish Azerbaijanis was established. • Sweden has an honorary in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bern. • Switzerland has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). • Switzerland considers Azerbaijan an important country for economic development cooperation. • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Kyiv. • Ukraine has an embassy in Baku. • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Organization for Democracy and Economic Development (GUAM) and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). Azerbaijan established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 11 March 1992. • Azerbaijan maintains an embassy in London. • The United Kingdom is accredited to Azerbaijan through its embassy in Baku. Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, European Court of Human Rights, and the OSCE. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement, and an Investment Agreement. Oceania ==International organizations==
International organizations
AsDBBSECCECISDAC (participant) • EAPCEBRDECEECOESCAPFAOGUAMIAEAIBRDICAOICRMIDAIDBIFADIFCIFRCSILOIMFIMOInterpolIOC, IOMISO (correspondent) • ITUITUCOAS (observer) • OICOPCWOSCEPFP (NATO) • UNUNCTADUNESCOUNIDOUPUWCOWFTUWHOWIPOWMOWToOWTO (observer) ==Disputes==
Disputes
Nagorno-Karabakh The frozen conflict over currently largely Armenian-populated region of Nagorno-Karabakh within the Republic of Azerbaijan began when in 1988 the Armenian majority of Nagorno-Karabakh demanded autonomy with demonstrations and persecutions against ethnic Azeris following in Armenia. This led to anti-Armenian rioting in Azerbaijan, with Azerbaijani militias beginning their effort to expel Armenians from the enclave. In 1992, a war broke out and pogroms of Armenians and Azeris forced both groups to flee their homes. In 1994, a Russian-brokered ceasefire ended the war but more than 1 million ethnic Armenians and Azeris are still not able to return. In 2023, an Azerbaijani offensive into Nagorno-Karabakh ended the conflict, with the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh conceding sovereignty to the government of Azerbaijan on January 1, 2024. Caviar diplomacy The European Stability Initiative (ESI) has revealed in a report from 2012 with the title "Caviar diplomacy: How Azerbaijan silenced the Council of Europe", that since Azerbaijan's entry into the Council of Europe, each year 30 to 40 deputies are invited to Azerbaijan and generously paid with expensive gifts, including caviar (worth up to 1,400 euro), silk carpets, gold, silver and large amounts of money. In return they become lobbyists for Azerbaijan. This practice has been widely referred to as "Caviar diplomacy". ESI also published a report on 2013 Presidential elections in Azerbaijan titled "Disgraced: Azerbaijan and the end of election monitoring as we know it". The report revealed the ties between Azerbaijani government and the members of certain observation missions who praised the elections. Azerbaijan's "Caviar diplomacy" at 2013 presidential elections sparked a major international scandal, as the reports of two authoritative organizations Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe/European Parliament and OSCE/ODIHR completely contradicted one another in their assessments of elections. Non-governmental anti-corruption organization Transparency International has regularly judged Azerbaijan to be one of the most corrupt countries in the world and has also criticized Azerbaijan for the "Caviar diplomacy". At June 2016 the public prosecutor of Milan has accused the former leader of the (Christian) Union of the center and of the European People's Party of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Luca Volonte of accepting large bribes from representatives of the Azerbaijani government. Two people with high-level experience of the Council of Europe's parliamentary assembly (Pace) have told the Guardian they believe its members have been offered bribes for votes by Azerbaijan. Former Azerbaijani diplomat, Arif Mammadov, alleged that a member of Azerbaijan's delegation at the Council of Europe had €30m (£25m) to spend on lobbying its institutions, including the Council of Europe assembly. PACE ratified the terms of reference of an independent external investigation body to carry out a detailed independent inquiry into the allegations of corruption at the council involving Azerbaijan. ESISC report On 6 March 2017, ESISC (European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center) published a scandalous report called "The Armenian Connection" where it veraciously attacked human rights NGOs and research organisations criticising human rights violations and corruption in Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Russia. ESISC in that report asserted that "Caviar diplomacy" report elaborated by ESI aimed to create climate of suspicion based on slander to form a network of MPs that would engage in a political war against Azerbaijan. In the Second Chapter of the report called "The Armenian Connection: «Mr X», Nils Muižnieks, Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights" that was published on 18 April 2017 ESISC asserted that the network composed of European PMs, Armenian officials and some NGOs: Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, "Human Rights House Foundation", "Open Dialog", European Stability Initiative, and Helsinki Committee for Human Rights, was financed by the Soros Foundation. According to ESISC the key figure of the network since 2012 has been Nils Muižnieks, Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe and the network has served to the interests of George Soros and the Republic of Armenia. "The report is written in the worst traditions of authoritarian propaganda, makes absurd claims, and is clearly aimed at deflecting the wave of criticism against cover-up of unethical lobbying and corruption in PACE and demands for change in the Assembly", said Freedom Files Analytical Centre. European Stability Initiative said that "ESISC report is full of lies (such as claiming that German PACE member Strasser holds pro-Armenian views and citing as evidence that he went to Yerevan in 2015 to commemorate the Armenian genocide, when Strasser has never in his life been to independent Armenia)". ==See also==
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