Origins The origins of Computer Associates International lie in a Swiss software products company and a New York data services company. Samuel W. Goodner was a Texan who was working for the American businessman
Sam Wyly's company,
University Computing Company (UCC). UCC had acquired the Swiss computer services company Automation Center A.G., founded by the Swiss businessman
Walter Haefner, and Wyly despatched Goodner to Europe to watch over it. A company by the name of
Computer Associates A.G. was founded in 1970 by Goodner and was located in
Zurich, Switzerland. Meanwhile, under regulatory pressure in 1969,
IBM had announced its decision to unbundle the sale of
computer hardware from its software and support services, and, starting in 1971, The firm sought to sell in countries other than Switzerland, and created a
holding company for that purpose; distributors were signed up in different European countries, some of which would then be acquired by Computer Associates. Then in mid-1974, under the name Pansort. By 1974, the firm was referred to as
Computer Associates International Ltd. it had been in existence since 1959, and was located at 1540 Broadway in Manhattan. In addition, by October 1974, Standard Data was advertising several other products for
VM/CMS, including VM/370 ISAM, an emulation of OS ISAM in VM/CMS, as well as SYMBUG for other languages. Eventually Standard Data created a Software Products Division, of which
Charles B. Wang was a vice-president. Standard Data also gained U.S. rights to a
report generator package called EARL (for Easy Access Report Language). The newly created company would continue to market CA-SORT in the United States and in the rest of the Western hemisphere, while the existing European firm would market some of Standard Data's products such as SYMBUG. (The main part of Standard Data Corporation continued on as a company, supplying computer services for several kinds of organizations; the company persisted into the 2010s, but its website does not appear to have been accessible after 2018.) It is thus to 1976 that the creation of what would become the well-known Computer Associates company is usually dated. This new venture began with four employees. Artzt is accordingly considered a co-founder of the well-known Computer Associates. For instance, DYNAM/D was a
disk utility for IBM mainframes running
DOS and
DOS/VS that did disk space management, disk cataloguing, and other such functions; announced in 1977, its trademark belonged to Trans-American Computer Associates, indicating it was developed in America rather than Europe. Sales from the United States were the biggest market for the company. In contrast, this was an area where Capex had established itself. It was the start of what was to become a buying spree for Computer Associates over the next several years. The company specialized in going after third-party mainframe software. They would come to be situated in five other buildings within Nassau County as well. CA's strategy for growth reached a new level with its deal for
Uccel in 1987, which valued at $800 million was an order of magnitude larger than any of its previous acquisitions. Uccel was a new name for UCC, which Haefner had gained control of from Wyly in 1976 and which had undergone ups and downs in the years since. As the decade ended, CA became the first software company after Microsoft to exceed $1 billion in sales.
Information Week listed Computer Associates ahead of Microsoft in a 1990 roundup titled "Software's Heavy Hitters." In 1991, CA acquired
Pansophic Systems. After years of planning and construction, the company began moving its headquarters to
Islandia, New York in Suffolk County in 1992, consolidating all of the Nassau County operations. There it would occupy a large corporate campus with three office buildings. In 1992, the company was sued by
Electronic Data Systems (EDS), a CA customer. EDS accused CA of breach of contract, misuse of copyright and violations of antitrust laws. CA filed a counterclaim, also alleging breach of contract, including copyright infringement and misappropriation of trade secrets. The companies reached a settlement in 1996. In 1995,
Legent Corporation was acquired for $1.78 billion, the biggest-ever acquisition in the software industry at that time, and Cheyenne Software for $1.2 billion in 1996. CA executed the software industry's then-largest acquisition ($3.5 billion) via
Platinum Technology International in 1999. In 1998, an unsuccessful and hostile takeover bid by CA for computer consulting firm
Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) prompted a bribery suit by CSC's chairman Van Honeycutt against CA's founder and then CEO,
Charles Wang. By the end of the 1990s, Computer Associates was the dominant company among providers of utility software tools for the mainframe. and that accurately conveyed the company's place in the industry. In 1999, Wang received the largest bonus in history at that time from a public company. The receipt of a $670 million stock grant that dated to the vesting of a 1995
stock option occurred while the company faced a slowdown in European markets and an economic slump in Asia, both of which had affected CA's earnings and stock price. The stock grants thus became quite controversial.
Company culture Computer Associates received poor marks for customer relations, with a reputation of being more interested in making sales than providing support afterward. With them, CA had a reputation for being, as
BusinessWeek wrote, "smart, aggressive, and consistently profitable". In particular, Computer Associates had a reputation for mass dismissals within companies it had taken over. Similarly, at
Cullinet, around 400 employees, comprising a quarter of the company's workforce were told to clear out their desks on a day in 1989. A contrarian view of Computer Associates was given by computer industry historian
Martin Campbell-Kelly, writing around 2001, who gave the company credit for continuing to enhance the
DATACOM/DB and
IDMS database products it had acquired and for doing the work to have its databases and utility products be able to interoperate.
Accounting scandal By 2000, Computer Associates had acquired on the order of magnitude of 200 companies. Then in 2002, Wang departed completely and Kumar became chairman as well. In 2000, a shareholder-based class-action lawsuit accused CA of misstating more than $500 million in revenue in its 1998 and 1999 fiscal years in order to artificially inflate its stock price. In 2001, a
proxy battle ensued between the board of directors and shareholders led by Wyly, who was unhappy with how CA was being run and especially with how his acquired Sterling Software was being treated. Wyly was not trying to buy the company, but rather trying to get shareholders to elect a new board of directors that would include him as chair. Wyly had hopes of appealing to Haefner, as their business relationship dated back to the 1960s, but Haefner stayed loyal to Wang. Meanwhile, by early 2002 it was public knowledge that the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the
U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York had instantiated investigations as to whether CA had engaged in accounting fraud. Later in 2002 the
U.S. Department of Justice limited CA's acquisitions. The investigation by the SEC resulted in charges against the company and some of its former top executives. The SEC alleged that from 1998 to 2000, CA routinely kept its books open to include quarterly revenue from contracts executed after the quarter ended in order to meet Wall Street analysts' expectations. As one account from the
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania wrote, "The SEC said the goal was to meet or beat per-share earnings estimates of Wall Street analysts, a key to keeping a company's stock price rising. ... In all, the company prematurely reported $3.3 billion in revenues from 363 software contracts. ... Moreover, executives at Computer Associates were big shareholders themselves, and many held enormous blocks of stock options. They therefore had a big financial stake in the share price, and thus an incentive to inflate results." Kumar resigned as CEO and chairman of the company in 2004, Following the change in executive leadership, the company restated its earnings for 2000 and 2001 due to the unaccepted revenues policies. Most notably, in 2006 former CEO and chairman Kumar was sentenced to 12 years in prison and fined $8 million for his role in the massive accounting fraud at Computer Associates. The company subsequently made sweeping changes through virtually all of its senior leadership positions. Overall the company spent over $500 million on investigations and fines.
2000s By 2001, Computer Associates was the fourth-biggest among independent software companies and had 18,000 employees. Swainson tried to turn things around, but was hampered by trouble that the company had in fixing its internal finance and accounting systems. By 2006, the company had 15,000 employees. On September 1, 2009, CA announced CEO John Swainson's decision to retire by the end of the year.
2010s In May 2010, at the opening of the CA World 2010 conference in Las Vegas, the company announced it was changing its name again, to CA Technologies. For a reason, the company said the new name "reflects the full breadth and depth of what the company offers."
Nimsoft,
NetQoS,
Oblicore, Cassatt, 4Base Technology, Arcot Systems, and Hyperformix. It also acquired
Replay Solutions. In 2011, CA acquired ITKO for $330 million. Two years later, it acquired app deployment and management company Nolio for approximately $40 million, as well as Layer7. The company had been a provider of
anti-virus and
Internet security commercial software programs for
personal computers during its venture into the
business-to-consumer market. In 2011, CA sold its antivirus properties to Updata Partners, which spun the division off as
Total Defense. After the spinoff, CA became primarily known again for its
business-to-business mainframe and distributed (
client/server, etc.)
information technology infrastructure applications. In June 2014, CA Technologies moved its headquarters, without an announcement, from Islandia in Suffolk County, to 520 Madison Avenue in New York City. In 2015, the company made four acquisitions, including Rally software for $480 million, Unifyalm, Gridtools, Idmlogic, and
Xceedium. In 2016, CA acquired
Blazemeter, Automic,
Veracode, and
Runscope in 2017. CA Technologies posted $4.2 billion in revenue for fiscal year 2018 (ending March 31, 2018). On August 8, 2018, CEO Mike Gregoire was elected as chairman of CA Technologies board of directors, replacing retiring chairman Art Weinbach.
Acquisition by Broadcom On July 11, 2018,
Broadcom Inc. announced it would acquire CA Technologies for $18.9 billion in cash. CA's head, Mike Gregoire, said, "This combination aligns our expertise in software with Broadcom's leadership in the semiconductor industry." The irony of the reversal of positions did not go unnoticed, with
The Register saying "CA Technologies, long a byword for making acquisitions, has been acquired by Broadcom." Immediately after the acquisition closed, Broadcom laid off former CA Technologies workers in Silicon Valley Then, Long Island-based
Newsday reported that about 40 percent of all CA employees in the United States would be laid off, adding up to almost 2,000 people being let go. Not long after the Broadcom acquisition, the large Computer Associates campus in Islandia was abandoned. With its new owners opting to redevelop the property, the former CA Technologies headquarters was imploded via controlled explosion in January 2024. == Corporate responsibility and recognition ==