Frank Fujio Chuman was born on April 29, 1917, in
Montecito, California, to parents who had emigrated from Japan's
Kagoshima Prefecture. The middle of three children, Chuman attended
Los Angeles High School, where he graduated in 1934 as class valedictorian. He went on to graduate from
UCLA in 1938, and then enrolled in
USC's Law School in 1940. In 1942, following
Executive Order 9066, Chuman was forced to leave school and was incarcerated at
Manzanar with his parents and older sister. While at Manzanar, Chuman served as chief administrator at the Manzanar Hospital. In 1943, Chuman was allowed to leave Manzanar and resume his legal education, first at the
University of Toledo and then at the
University of Maryland, where he was the institution's first Asian American law student. Chuman received his law degree in 1945. While at the University of Maryland, Chuman took a course in which he became acquainted with the
writ of error coram nobis — a legal order that would play an important role later in his life. ==Legal career==