He was born
Frederick Liedtke (several sources give "Frederico Nobile", apparently erroneously) in
York, Nebraska to a French mother and a father who had served as a captain in the
American Civil War and was wounded at the
Battle of Gettysburg. Using the stage name Fred Niblo, Liedtke began his show business career performing in
vaudeville and in
live theater. After more than 20 years doing live performing as a
monologist, during which he traveled extensively around the globe, he worked in Australia from 1912 through 1915, where he turned to the burgeoning motion picture industry and made his first two films. On June 2, 1901, Niblo married Broadway actress
Josephine Cohan, the older sister of
George M. Cohan. He managed the
Four Cohans in their two big successes: ''The Governor's Son
and Running for Office
. From 1904 to 1905, Fred resumed his stage career, appearing as Walter Lee Leonard in The Rogers Brothers in Paris'' and then returned to vaudeville. Josephine died in 1916, the year he began acting and directing motion pictures. While in Australia, he met actress
Enid Bennett, whom he later married. As a Hollywood director, he is most remembered for several notable films, beginning with his 1920 work
The Mark of Zorro which starred
Douglas Fairbanks. The following year he teamed with Fairbanks in
The Three Musketeers In 1925, Niblo was the principal director of the
epic Ben-Hur, one of the more expensive films of the day but became the third
highest-grossing silent film in cinema history. Niblo followed this success with two major 1926 works:
The Temptress starring
Greta Garbo in her second film in America and
Norma Talmadge in
Camille. Niblo directed some of the great stars of the era, including
Joan Crawford,
Lillian Gish, and
Ronald Colman. In 1930, he directed his first sound film with two of the bigger names in show business:
John Gilbert and
Renée Adorée in a film titled
Redemption. Niblo and Bennett commissioned architect
Wallace Neff to design their house on Angelo Drive, which they named
Misty Mountain. It was completed in 1926 and sold by Niblo to
Jules C. Stein in 1940 after a decline in his fortunes. Actress
Marion Shilling, who worked with Niblo on ''
Young Donovan's Kid'', said, "One of the reasons for his success as a director, certainly, was that he had been an actor himself. He could empathize, see and feel a scene from an actor's viewpoint. He never talked down to us. He was a lovely human being." Niblo retired in 1933 after more than 40 years in show business. The last 16 years were used to make more than 40 films, most of which were feature-length projects. He was an important personality in the early years of Hollywood and was one of the original founders of the
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In recognition of his role in the development of the film industry, he received a star on the
Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7014 Hollywood Boulevard on February 8, 1960. His
Ben-Hur film has been selected for preservation in the United States
National Film Registry. Niblo died in New Orleans, Louisiana, and is interred in
Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery near his wife, Enid Bennett, with whom he had three children, in
Glendale, California. His son with Josephine Cohan,
Fred Niblo, Jr. (1903–1973), was an
Academy Award-nominated screenwriter. ==Filmography==