Ohlsdorf Cemetery

In 1877 the Ohlsdorf Cemetery was established as a non-denominational and multi-regional burial site outside of Hamburg. About 40% of all burials in Hamburg take place in Ohlsdorf Cemetery; in 2002 there were 1600 interments and 4300 urn burials. Two hundred thirty gardeners take care of graves and all facilities. == Hamburg Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery ==

One of four permanent Commonwealth cemeteries in Germany, the Hamburg Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery is located near chapel 12 (Kapelle 12) of the Ohlsdorf Cemetery. During World War I over 400 Allied prisoners-of-war who died in German captivity were buried here, as well as sailors whose bodies had been washed ashore on the Frisian Islands. In 1923 the remains of British Commonwealth servicemen from 120 burial grounds in north-western Germany were brought to Hamburg. Further deceased Commonwealth soldiers of World War II and of the post-war period were buried here too. == Memorials for the victims of Nazism ==

There are six memorial sites for the victims of the Nazi era, the "Monument for the Victims of Nazi Persecution" (); the monument, "Passage over the River Styx" () for the victims of the Hamburg firestorm; the "Memorial Grove for the Hamburg Resistance Fighters", which includes a memorial erected on the initiative of the Sophie Scholl Foundation, the "Ehrenfeld Hamburg Resistance Fighters"; the "Cemetery for Foreign Victims", erected in 1977 to honor the victims of Nazi concentration camps and forced labor; and the ("memory spiral") erected in 2001 in the "Garden of Women", as a memorial for the female victims and opponents of the Nazi regime. An additional memorial site was erected in 1951 at the nearby Jewish cemetery, Ilandkoppel, the "Monument for the Murdered Hamburg Jews". Memorial for the victims of Nazi persecution The "Monument for the Victims of Nazi Persecution" lies across from the "new crematorium". Erected in 1949, it has a stele with a marble slab lying in front, engraved with the names of 25 concentration camps. The adjacent graveyard has 105 above-ground urns and 29 buried ones containing the ashes of victims and German concentration camp soil. This memorial evolved from what was established there during a week-long remembrance in November 1945. Monument for the victims of the Hamburg firestorm " The remains of some 38,000 victims of Operation Gomorrah, the bombing campaign that took place from July 24 to August 3, 1943, lie in a cross-shaped, landscaped mass grave. In 1952, a monument by Gerhard Marcks called "Passage over the River Styx" was erected in the middle of the site. Memorial grove for the Hamburg Resistance fighters To the right of the main entrance on Bergstraße, is the memorial grove for the Resistance fighters from Hamburg, 1933–1945. Located here since September 8, 1946, this memorial is the burial site for 55 anti-fascists who were either executed by the Nazis or died in custody. A bronze sculpture, created in 1953 by Hamburg sculptor Richard Steffen (1903–1964), stands at the entrance to the grove. A stone wall borders the grove, on which are the words of the Czech Resistance fighter and journalist, Julius Fučík, executed in 1943, "Mankind, we loved you – be vigilant". ==Cemetery museum==

Individuals with a strong interest in preserving the Ohlsdorf cemetery formed the (Society for the Promotion of the Ohlsdorf Cemetery), and opened the (Museum of the Ohlsdorf Cemetery). The museum is dedicated to raising public interest for the Ohlsdorf cemetery, and for promoting historical and contemporary funeral culture. The collection in the museum, on display since 1996, focuses mainly on the history of Hamburg's cemetery culture. Since the Ohlsdorfer cemetery was opened in 1877 as the first American-style park cemetery in Germany, it is of significant importance to the European cemetery culture. The museum has old maps and tools, as well as urns and some of the cemetery's oldest tombstones. ==Notable burial sites==

Part of the cemetery are three plots of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC), which were used as burial sites for British Commonwealth and Allied servicemen of both World Wars. There are more than 2473 identified casualties commemorated by the CWGC. • Willy Fritsch (1901–1973), silent-film era actor • Helmut Griem (1932–2004), actor • Gustaf Gründgens (1899–1963), actor • Kurt Raab (1941–1988), actor, screenwriter and playwright • Norbert Rohringer (1927–2009), Austrian child actor • Philipp Otto Runge (1777–1810), painter • Helmut Schmidt (1918–2015), senator, minister, between 1974 and 1982 chancellor of West Germany, since 1983 publisher of Die Zeit • Loki Schmidt (1919–2010), wife of former chancellor Helmut Schmidt • Fritz Schumacher (1869–1947), architect • Kurt Sieveking (1897–1986), mayor of Hamburg • Henry Vahl (1897–1977), actor • Werner Veigel (1928–1995), television journalist • Ernst Voss (1842–1920), German shipbuilder • James Allen Ward (1919–1941), New Zealand airman and Victoria Cross recipient • Herbert Weichmann (1896–1983), first mayor of Hamburg • Hilde Weissner (1909–1987), actress • Lawrence Winters (1915–1965), opera singer • Carolin Wosnitza (1987–2011), pornographic actress • Helmut Zacharias (1920–2002), violinist ==See also==